Explain how degradation of tryptophan (an amino acid) can be converted into carbohydrate (sugar) as an...

Explain how degradation of tryptophan (an amino acid) can be converted into carbohydrate (sugar) as an energy source. Use the chemical reaction and identify the metabolic pathway(s) (discussed in lecture) involved. (Hint: Deamination is involved)

Expert Solution

Tryptophan is an amino acid.It has an amine group and a carboxyl group.When a the amine group is removed, it becomes an acid which can be used for the generation of energy like a carbohydrate.

It is an aromatic amino acid having an indole ring. During its degradation, the indole group is separated and deamination is done to form pyruvate. The process results in indole, pyruvate , amino group and energy. Pyruvate enters in to the citric acid cycle to generate energy. The enzyme needed in the reaction is Tryptophanase.

Tryptophane---------------------------> Indole + Pyruvate + NH4+ + energy.

The above reaction is the process of deamination and it requires Tryptophanase.

This is how Tryptophan can be used to produce energy by converting in to pyruvate which enters in to Citric acid cycle. The Citric acid cycle produces energy.

Pyruvate can also be used to produce glucose by gluconeogenesis path way where, phospho enol pyruvate is formed from it and reverse process of glycolysis leads to glucose formation.

gladiator answered 3 months ago

Although tryptophan contains a heterocyclic amine, it is considered a neutral amino acid. (a) Explain why...

Although tryptophan contains a heterocyclic amine, it is considered a neutral amino acid. (a) Explain why the indole nitrogen of tryptophan is more weakly basic than one of the imidazole nitrogens of histidine.

The trp operon: Bacterial cells can take up the amino acid tryptophan from their surroundings, or,...

The trp operon: Bacterial cells can take up the amino acid tryptophan from their surroundings, or, if the external supply is insufficient, they can synthesize tryptophan from small molecules in the cell. When external supplies of tryptophan are plentiful, the cells suppress transcription of the trp operon, which encodes the tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes. When external supplies of tryptophan are not plentiful, the cells express the trp operon. The trp operon repressor protein inhibits transcription of the genes in the trp...

Serotonin is synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan (normal cells can synthesize serotonin when they are...

Serotonin is synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan (normal cells can synthesize serotonin when they are given tryptophan). You have identified two populations of mutant cells that cannot synthesize serotonin. Each population has a mutation that has caused one gene to stop functioning. Population 1 cannot synthesize serotonin at all, even if you provide it additional nutrients. Population 2 can synthesize serotonin, but only if you give it a nutrient called 5-HTP. a. Based on this information, draw a biochemical...

Perhaps the most central concept in amino acid degradation is that some amino acids are glucogenic,...

Perhaps the most central concept in amino acid degradation is that some amino acids are glucogenic, some are ketogenic and some are both glucogenic and ketogenic. Which of the following amino acids is both glucogenic and ketogenic? A. Arg B. Ile C. Leu D. Asn E. Cys

Sulfide, Indole, Motility (SIM): Bacteria that have the enzyme tryptophanase, can convert the amino acid tryptophan...

Sulfide, Indole, Motility (SIM): Bacteria that have the enzyme tryptophanase, can convert the amino acid tryptophan to indole. Indole reacts with Kovac’s reagent to form a Black Color. T or F GROWTH ON EMB & MAC: Which Observations are INCORRECT? both EMB and MAC contain dyes that inhibits gram-positive bacteria. both EMB and MAC differentiate gram negative organisms based on their ability to ferment lactose both EMB and MAC indicate that the pH becomes basic (alkaline) because of fermentation all...

Tryptophan (HW) is a diprotic amino acid with Ka1 = 4.3 × 10-3 and Ka2 =...

Tryptophan (HW) is a diprotic amino acid with Ka1 = 4.3 × 10-3 and Ka2 = 4.7 × 10-10. Determine the pH of the following solutions. A) 0.214 M tryptophan hydrochloride (H2W Cl–) B) 0.214 M tryptophan (HW) C) 0.214 M sodium tryptophanate (Na W–)

Using the amino acid tryptophan. Under low glucose conditions, describe the fate of the carbons and...

Using the amino acid tryptophan. Under low glucose conditions, describe the fate of the carbons and of the amino group in either the LIVER OR SKELETAL MUSCLE. Start your answer at the point at which a familiar metabolite or metabolites are produced in the reactions. Your answer should include a description of one way tryptophan could enter the urea cycle and what pathway the carbons will enter in any organ of your choosing.

The E. coli trp operon encodes proteins involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acid tryptophan....

The E. coli trp operon encodes proteins involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acid tryptophan. Control of trp operon expression is mediated by two distinct regulatory mechanisms. Describe these two regulatory mechanisms in detail. Note Please give detail and comprehensive answer .

Gluconeogenesis 1. As part of the metabolic pathway for amino acid degradation, malate not oxalacetate is...

Gluconeogenesis 1. As part of the metabolic pathway for amino acid degradation, malate not oxalacetate is transported into the cytoplasm form the mitochondrion. Why malate? 2. Explain how carbon dioxide serves to couple ATP hydrolysis into the energetics of the synthesis of PEP to pyruvate? Provide both mechanism and energetics. These two questions are from a study guide and I'm struggling finding the answers in my notes and text book, thank you for your help!

What are some metabolic diseases caused by amino acid or nucleotide synthesis/degradation mutations?

Question