This is a code for a bouncing ball on an 8X8 LED. How can i change the code to make it a ping pong game against AI by adding 1 potentionmeter to control it?

#include <TimerOne.h>//this is a library that uses timer 1 of the arduino to trigger interrupts in certain time intervals

//This defines a matrix defining a smiley face for the 8x8 LED matrix display
#define BALL { \
{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, \
{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0} \
}

/*Arduino pin --> Display pin----->8x8 matrix row and column coordinates (1;1) origin
D2-------------->9---------------------->row 1
D3-------------->10-------------------->col 4
D4-------------->11-------------------->col 6
D5-------------->12--------------------->row 4
D6-------------->13-------------------->col 1
D7-------------->14--------------------->row 2
D8-------------->15-------------------->col 7
D9-------------->16-------------------->col 8
D10------------->4--------------------->col 3
D11------------->3--------------------->col 2
D12------------->2---------------------->row 7
D13------------->1---------------------->row 5
A0 (D14)-------->5---------------------->row 8
A1 (D15)-------->6--------------------->col 5
A2 (D16)-------->7---------------------->row 6
A3 (D17)-------->8---------------------->row 3

*/

//rows:
const int col[8] = {
2,7,17,5,13,16,12,14 };//these are the Arduino pins that connect to the anodes (1-8) of the LEDs

//columns:
const int row[8] = {
6,11,10,3,15,4,8,9 };//these are the Arduino pins that connect to the cathodes (1-8) of the LEDs

int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int dx = 1;
int dy = 1;

volatile byte c,r,flag,counter;//interrupt routine variables, they need to be specified as 'volatile'

// 2-dimensional array that contains the currently 'ON' LEDs in the matrix ('1'='ON'); this is used in the refreshScreen() ISR below:
byte pattern[8][8] = BALL;

unsigned long previousMillis = 0; //last time we switched patterns [ms]
unsigned long interval = 1000; //time between switching [ms]
int currentPattern = 0; //0 for "Ball", 1 for "Ball2", 2 for "Ball3", 3 for "Ball4"

void setup() {
// initialize the row and column pins as outputs
// iterate through the pins:
for (int pin = 0; pin < 8; pin++) {
// initialize the output pins:
pinMode(col[pin], OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(col[pin], HIGH);
pinMode(row[pin], OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(row[pin], LOW);
// take the col pins (i.e. the cathodes) high and the row pins (anodes) low to ensure that
// the LEDS are off:   
}
Timer1.initialize(100); // initialize timer1, and set a 100 us second period for the interrupt interval (i.e. the ISR will be called
//every 100 us - this seems to be a good frequency to achieve a flicker-free LED display.
//experiment with this parameter. If it gets too small the ISR starts 'eating up' all the processor time, and the main loop becomes very slow
Timer1.attachInterrupt(refreshScreen); // attaches the refreshScreen() function as 'Interrupt Service Routine' (ISR) to the interrupt
//this means that every time 100 us have passed, the refreshScreen() routine will be called.
}

//main loop...here we can simply busy ourselves with changing the pattern[][] array; nothing deals with the LED display.
//this is all handled via the ISR
void loop() {
if (x>=7)
{ dx = -1;
dy = random(-1,1);
}
if(x<=0)
{
dx = 1;
dy = random(-1,1);
}
if (y>=7)
{dy = -1;
dx = random(-1,1);
}
if (y<=0)
{ dy = 1;
dx = random(-1,1);
}
pattern[x][y] = 0;
pattern[x+dx][y+dy]=1;
x=x+dx;
y=y+dy;
delay(50);

a) Find the discrete Fourier series (DFS) representation of x((n))10, where 10 denotes the period and x(n) is given by:

?(?) = { 1, ??? 0 ≤ ? ≤ 5

0, ??? ??ℎ?? ?

b) For the following two causal sequences (both starting at n = 0), find the circular convolution of minimum size that will produce the same result as

h(n)*x(n). h(n) = {1, 1, 1, 1},

x(n) = {0, 0, 1, 1}

The single-phase equivalent-circuit parameters for a three-phase induction motor in ohms-per-phase are

R₁=0.17 R₂=0.24 X₁=1.05 X₂=0.87 X_m=82.1 R_c=435

For a slip of 5 percent, and a terminal voltage of 460 V, line to line, calculate:

A) Calculate the motor phase current and input real and reactive power.

B) Calculate the mechanical output power and the power dissipated in the rotor. You might assume that the motor friction and windage losses are 270W

C) Calculate the motor core loss and the motor efficiency.

You are a wireless communication specialist working with an ambitious exploratory firm named PROJECT-SPACE. The firm is embarking on a huge project to build a human habitat in planet Mars. In 25 years, PROJECT-SPACE projected that the human habitat will gradually evolved into a small space city with the population of 1000 occupants. The initial habitat should be able to accommodate 15 Martians with consistent, stable and reliable communication from Mars to the planet Earth command center back in the capital of the country.

1) How Internet, data rate, noise and bandwidth be sufficient to achieve stable and reliable communication from Mars to S.I. for 10 people and able to scale up to 1000 people in the future?
2) How Martian atmospheric effect reacts to wireless signals?
3) How do you panned to power up your wireless access-points and communication device?
4) What would be the time difference, latency (delay) in communication based on your proposed data rate and bandwidth?

Hi.

I'm writing a project about overhead lines, and have a question regarding AC and DC in overhead line.

Is there any different in the electric field if you look at AC and DC

And do you know anything about the simulation program FEMM

Hope you can help me, good day

Suppose we have a 10-Hz sinusoidal voltage source, vin(t). Draw the diagram of a circuit that clamps the positive peaks to −4V. The circuit should be composed of ideal diodes, dc voltage sources, and other components as needed. List any constraints that should be observed in selecting component values. Be sure to label the terminals across which the clamped output waveform vo(t) appears.

1. is sin(pi/4) causal?

2. is sin(pi/4) stable?

3. is delta(n+1) causal?

4.  = ?

5. If function w [ n ] is convolved with , what will the result be?

6. if a system with signal length 4 is convolved with its own system response, what will the length of that signal be?

7. In an LTI system, x[n] * h[n]= y[n]. What is x[n-3] * h[n-2] =?

Digital arithmetic:
a) Convert +35 to 2-complement
b) Convert -35 to 2-complement
c) Convert 2-complement from 1101 1101 to decimal
d) Add 35 - 35 in binary

What are various Pipeline Hazards. Explain each hazard with some common solutions that arebeing employed today?

A continuous signal contains the following two components:
x1(t) = 3 cos 20πt
x2(t) = 3 cos 50πt
(a) Find the minimum required sampling rate to avoid aliasing.
(b) Draw the discrete time signals obtained after sampling, when sampled with Fs = 100 Hz. Explain the disadvantage(s), if any, of sampling beyond the Nyquist rate.
(c) Assume the sampling rate is Fs= 40 Hz, which components are exposed to aliasing effects? Support your answer by showing “Nyquist intervals” and the aliased frequencies.

A low voltage digital device has a low state of 0 V and a high state of
1.8 V. It generates a signal train of high pulses at a rate of 1 MHz, these
pulses having a 10 ns width and transition times of 100 ps.
(a) Plot the upper bound of its harmonic components up to 10 GHz.
(b) Determine the amplitudes of the third and 101st harmonics.
(c) Determine the signal bandwidth.

Good morning,

Can you introduce some basis knowledge about operational amplifier?

Thank you!!

Using a voltmeter and Ammeter, Draw two optimal circuits to measure both low resistance and high resistance. Describe the source of error ( in readings) in both circuits

Explain the open loop practical op-amp model