Question

3.
A) A doctor shows a patient an X-ray of a fractured bone. Explain how the image is produced. What kinds of materials can X-rays penetrate? What can X-rays not penetrate?

B) The announcer on an FM radio station in New York City identifies the station as ‘The Edge 102.1’, where the number 102.1 is the frequency in some units. What is the wavelength and frequency of the waves emitted by the radio station?

C) Describe how NASA uses satellites and light waves to help determine the topography of Mars or the elevation of a polar ice sheet on Earth.

Answer 1

A)

X-ray image is produced as the X-rays can pass through most of the body tissue but not the bones. When the body is placed between the source and the screen, the parts that are not penetrated by x-ray are highlighted against a dark back ground.

Since the X-rays are ionising radiation they cannot pass through thick objects like lead, huge layers of concret, Teeth and bones .

soft tissues and normal clothing can be penetrated through

B)

usual radio waves have a typical frequency in the range of Mhz  

so 102.1 is actually 102.1 MHz

now we know for a wave

velocity of radio wave = 3 X 108 m/s

putting them in the equation we get

C) NASA uses the waves for various puposes

first they transmit the wave and they analyse the reflected wave for

the change in frequency which is helpful in estimating the body's speed

the loss of energy which is helpful in analysing the nature of the surface

time taken which is helpuf to find relative distance and this data is used to map teh terrain's height and geography

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