Question

Can somebody explain in detail with equations how cyclotron achieve such high speed. I have this question for 10 points but I only have a short explaination so, help me with your Ideas.

Thankyou.

Answer 1

Solution:-

Working of cyclotron

The particles accelerated by cyclotron.

The accelerators are used for accelerating charged elementary particles or charged ions. It can not accelerate a neutral particle. Besides, the cyclotron as described generally, is not used for accelerating light mass particles like electron or positron. The reason is that electron having negligible mass accelerates rather too quickly for repeated acceleration within the given size of cyclotron. Instead, the light mass charged particles are accelerated by a device known as “betatron” which uses torus shaped vacuum tube as secondary coil. The tube is a hollow cylinder shaped in a circle. The varying magnetic field, produced by secondary coil, sets up electric field which, in turn, accelerates electron through the tube. On the other hand, the magnetic field due to primary coil, spins the electron and keeps it in the center of the path.

We shall, therefore, refer cyclotron with acceleration of charged particles such as proton, ionized deuteron, alpha particle and similar other ions.

The energy of the chraged particles is given by

Kmax=1/2mvmax2=q2B2R2/2m