Question

Briefly describe how each of the following concepts in Physics may be applied for use in the medical field.
- Thermodynamics
- Sound Waves
- Electric Circuits
- Electromagnetic Waves
- Optics

Answer 1

ANSWER
(1)THERMODYNAMICS:The most significant application of thermodynamics in Biotechnology revolves around specific ATP (energy) consumption rate which is an important parameter for modeling energy demands for cell growth. This is the major trade-off between metabolite biosynthesis and biomass yield. Thermodynamics in biotechnology also discusses Gibbs energy dissipation limits, mass balance ,
Activation enthalpy and entropy of say ethanol production and its inactivation.

(2)SOUND WAVES:Sound waves can assess potentially dangerous atherosclerotic plaques, monitor chronic liver disease, and help deliver drugs to particular locations within the body. Ultrasound devices can image tumors deep inside the body, and acoustical energy can be focused upon those tumors as a way of treating cancer. Doctors have used stethoscopes to listen to human body’s internal sounds .

(3)ELECTRIC CIRCUITS:The broad field of medical electronics includes instrumentation for life support, patient monitoring, hearing aids, and pacemakers.Some medical equipment based on electric circuit
(1) Blood gas analyzer
(2)Medical glucose Monitor
(3)Electronic Brain Wave Machine
(4)Medical heart monitors
(5)Infrared and Digital Thermometers

(4)ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES:Three main EMF applications in medicine are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) used in cardiology and tumour therapy, and localized dielectric heating (short wave diathermy) used in physiotherapy. ... We found no studies of occupational health risks for workers administering RF ablation.

(5)OPTICS:The most significant and prevalent applications of fiber optics in medicine are in the imaging and illumination components of endoscopes. ... Other uses of fiber optics in medicine include remote spectrophotometry, pressure and position sensing, or scintillation counting.