Question

1. Determine the level of measurment of the data set.

"The length (in seconds) of songs on an album."

2. Identify the statistical study that would be best to use and collect data for the following.

"An engineer wants to test the strength of a bridge during an earthquake."

Answer 1

Dear student, please comment in the case of any doubt and I would love to clarify it.

1)

The interval scale is a quantitative measurement scale where there is order, the difference between the two variables is meaningful and equal, and the presence of zero is arbitrary.

The length of songs on an album follows to have the same properties as an interval scale. It is quantitative where there is an order, the difference between the two songs is meaningful.

Other levels of measurement are - Nominal which is qualitative, hence it can't be the songs of an album. The other one is Ordinal which has an order and no absolute value, which is not the case here. Ratio Scale is based on the principle that the ratio between a magnitude of a continuous quantity and a unit magnitude of the same kind which is not the case here.

2)

Earthquakes cause significant damage to bridges, which have a very strategic location in transportation services. The destruction of a bridge will seriously hinder emergency rescue.

Rapid assessment of bridge seismic damage can help relevant departments to make judgments quickly after earthquakes and save rescue time. A rapid assessment method for bridge seismic damage based on the random forest algorithm (RF) and artificial neural networks (ANN) can be used here. This method evaluated the relative importance of each uncertain influencing factor of the seismic damage to the girder bridges and arch bridges, respectively. The input variables of the ANN model were the factors with higher importance value, and the output variables were damage states.

After getting the results or strength of the bridges, It can be said that it is robust enough to extend and improve emergency decisions, to save time for rescue work, and to help with bridge construction.