Question

discuss the constitution that makes up whole blood

Answer 1

Blood is the fluid which is circulated in the body. Blood transports oxygen and other nutrients to the body. But what is blood actually made up of? Blood is not just red coloured liquid it contains of mainly 2 things- Plasma and Blood cells

• Plasma is the light yellowish liquid which is made up of 95% of water and in the rest 5% proteins,lipids, sugars and inorganic salts are included. Apart from the water the next higher amount in the plasma is the plasma proteins which are of 3 types- Albumin, Globulin and Coagulating proteins. Albumin regulates the osmotic pressure generated inside the cells. Globulin is mainly important in the transportation and making of antibodies. The coagulating proteins as the name suggests helps in the clotting of blood.

• Blood cells are of 3 types- Red blood cells also called as Erythrocytes, White blood cells or Leukocytes and Platelets.

Red blood cells or Erythrocytes are the biconcave shaped, aneculeated cells which have main function in circulating the oxygen. RBCs have the hemoglobin which is oxygen carrying complex. Hemoglobin is the complex of 4 subunits which are 2 alpha and 2 beta polypeptides. These subunits are attached with the heme group of the protein.

White blood cells or Leukocytes are called as the protector cells. They work against the external pathogens which enters in the body and makes the antibodies against the antigens. Leukocytes are subdivided into 5 types of cells- Eosinophils, Basophils, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes and Monocytes.

Platelets are small plate like structure . The main function of blood is in clotting. If a tissue or vessels get managed the platelets will form the clots so that there is no internal bleeding.