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In: Civil Engineering

client has a groundwater supplu with chlorides of 5000 MG\L, lots of hardness, and a few...

client has a groundwater supplu with chlorides of 5000 MG\L, lots of hardness, and a few bacteria. Create treatment.

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Expert Solution

Chloride can be removed from drinking water by distillation, reverse osmosis or deionization, Boiling, carbon adsorption filters. Distillation systems work by removing chloride and dissolved solids from the water by distillation.Reverse Osmosis is the best process to remove salts such as chloride. RO process works by forcing the water through a membrane that blocks larger ions, such as chloride, but allows water molecules to pass through. Deionization Systems (Demineralization) work by removing chloride ions by adsorbing them onto anion-exchange resins. These systems adsorb sulfate, chloride and other anions from the water. Because these resins preferentially adsorb sulfate ions, their effectiveness at removing chloride will be negatively impacted if sulfate concentrations are high.

The hardness of water can be classified into two types:

  1. Temporary Hardness
  2. Permanent Hardness  

The hardness can be removed by boiling, by clarks method, Ion exchange process, calgons process.

Ally Wells answered 8 months ago
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