Question

Provide 3 brief examples of how comparative genomics (and increased knowledge of genomic diversity) contributes to a greater understanding of the human genome and human biology. For each example, also identify which types of species (how closely related to humans, in a very rough sense) are most important for each comparison discussed. Each example, in total, should be no more than two-three sentences.

Answer 1

Provide 3 brief examples of how comparative genomics (and increased knowledge of genomic diversity) contributes to a greater understanding of the human genome and human biology. For each example, also identify which types of species (how closely related to humans, in a very rough sense) are most important for each comparison discussed. Each example, in total, should be no more than two-three sentences.

Comparitive genomics is an emerging field in the new genetics which enable more exciting biological research. It emerges after the successful completion of human genome and mouse along with rat, two fruit flies, sea squirts and round worms, yeast, fungi and also malarial parasite called Plasmodium. It also includes vnumeroud microbes, palnts, chimpanzee, dog and chicken. It serves as an important tool for studying evolution. By comparing the human genome with others could help in retrieving novel functions for un-annotated genes. It provides novel insights into evolutionary, biochemical, genetic, metabolic, and physiological pathways by comparing gene location and its number on the wide genome content along with the details of exons and introns.

In the field of molecular medicine, comapritive analysis of human and fungal genome paved way for the identification of many putative targets for novel antifungal for many human fungal diseases.

Similarly, the comaprison between the human and the fruit fly reveals that there is 60% genetic simialrity between both and found that two-third of the human cancer genes have counterparts in the fruit fly.