Use the generalized reaction mechanism of photochemical
smog formation to explain why aldehydes start at a very low
concentration, build up in concentration until about 2:00 p.m. in
the afternoon, and then decrease to their original
concentrations?
1. Describe the main reaction that occurs in the rod cells in
the retina, which generates a nerve impulse that allows us to see.
Which role does the geometry of 11-cis-retinal play in
this process? What reactions convert all-trans-retinal
back to 11-cis-retinal so that the process of vision can
continue?
1. Dark Energy
(a) Why is dark energy "dark"? Why is it "energy"?
(b) Give at least one way that dark energy is different from
dark matter. Also give at least one way that dark energy is similar
to dark matter.
(c) What is the difference between the cosmological constant and
dark energy?
a-) Explain in detail the reason why the center is dark in the
enlightenment setup in the Newton rings experiment.
b-) You want to determine the absorption coefficient. Draw the
experimental setup and explain why you use the elements.
c- ) You want to observe that light can be polarized. Draw the
experimental setup and explain why you use the elements.