Question

NEW PROJECT ANALYSIS

You must evaluate a proposal to buy a new milling machine. The base price is $163,000, and shipping and installation costs would add another $18,000. The machine falls into the MACRS 3-year class, and it would be sold after 3 years for $65,200. The applicable depreciation rates are 33%, 45%, 15%, and 7%. The machine would require a $3,000 increase in net operating working capital (increased inventory less increased accounts payable). There would be no effect on revenues, but pretax labor costs would decline by $57,000 per year. The marginal tax rate is 35%, and the WACC is 14%. Also, the firm spent $5,000 last year investigating the feasibility of using the machine.

1. How should the $5,000 spent last year be handled?
   1. Last year's expenditure is considered as a sunk cost and does not represent an incremental cash flow. Hence, it should not be included in the analysis.
   2. The cost of research is an incremental cash flow and should be included in the analysis.
   3. Only the tax effect of the research expenses should be included in the analysis.
   4. Last year's expenditure should be treated as a terminal cash flow and dealt with at the end of the project's life. Hence, it should not be included in the initial investment outlay.
   5. Last year's expenditure is considered as an opportunity cost and does not represent an incremental cash flow. Hence, it should not be included in the analysis.
   
   -Select-IIIIIIIVVItem 1

2. What is the initial investment outlay for the machine for capital budgeting purposes, that is, what is the Year 0 project cash flow? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
   $

3. What are the project's annual cash flows during Years 1, 2, and 3? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

   Year 1 $

   Year 2 $

   Year 3 $

4. Should the machine be purchased?
   -Select-YesNoItem 6

Answer 1

I.Sunk cost, Should not be included
a.Initial Investment Outlay = Base Price + Modification cost + Increase in Working Capital
=-163,000-18,000-3,000
(184,000)	since outflow
b.Annual Cash Flows:
	Year 1	2	3
Savings in Cost	57,000	57,000	57,000
Less: Depreciation	59,730	81,450	27,150
Net Savings	-2,730	-24,450	29,850
Less: Tax @35%	-955.50	-8,557.50	10,447.50
Income after Tax	-1,774.50	-15,892.50	19,402.50
Add: Depreciation	59,730	81,450	27,150
Operating Cash Flow	57,955.50	65,557.50	46,552.50
Add: After tax salvage value			46,814.50
Recovery of Working capital			3,000
Additional cash flows			49,814.50
Annual Cash flows	57,955.50	65,557.50	96,367.00
Written down value	12,670
Sale price	65200
Gain on sale	52,530
Tax	18385.5
After tax salvage value	46814.5
c.NPV = Present value of cash inflows – present value of cash outflows
= 57955.50*PVF(14%, 1 year) + 65,557.50*PVF(14%, 2 years) + 96,367*PVF(14%, 3 years) – 184000
-17672.49451
No, should be purchased (since NPV is negative)