Question

how does gobalization impacts the environment?

how inpacts environmental protection and economic growth?

Answer 1

Impact of Globalization on Environment

• The environmental impact of globalisation is the change that it has brought to the environment due to the massive consumption of natural resources, and the pollution brought about by TNCs.Developing countries are also guilty of ignoring the environment in their countries because of the need of TNC investment.
• The result of this is that the enviroment has degraded due to deforestation, due to the need for land. This has resulted in huge areas of rainforest being cleared, like in indonesia and brazil.The clearing of rainforest, due to illegal burning has also resulted in other environmental hazards like the smoke haze which regularly affects the nation surrounding it whenever large burning has occured.
• Another result of globalisation is global warming. This is caused by the clearing of rainforest and the increase of greenhouse gases from industrialisation and transport.This means that the temperature of our planet is rising as the increase in greenhouse gas traps more heat. This has the potential to cause severe change in our climate.
• Globalisation has rapidly worsen the condition of the environment around the world. The advent of global warming means that globalisation could have world-wide environmental effects in the near future if nothing is done to solve the problem. The recent burning of Australian forests have resulted in loss of precious flora and fauna.

However, globalisation also means that the public can be educated about environmental management much more easily than in the past, due to the internet and other modern media that globalisation has created.This increased awareness has resulted in movements around the world to adopt policies of sustainable growth.

Globalization has also helped in increasing awareness about environment protection and economic growth in the following ways :

• Due to Globalization scale and composition of economic activity changes- consumption increases activity allowing for more widely dispersed externalities.
• Income- increases creating more resources for environmental protection.
• Techniques change as technologies are able to extract more from nature but can also become cleaner.
• Global Interactions facilitate exchange of environmental knowledge and best practices.
• Environmental consciousness increases with emergence of global environmental networks and civil movements.
• Globalization facilitates the spread of existing technologies- the emergence of new technology - green tech
• Globalization helps spread a homogenization of consumption-- driven aspiration.
• Globalization makes it increasingly difficult for states to rely only on national regulation to ensure the well being of their citizens and their environment.
• Growing demand/ need for global regulation using these for bettering environmental performance.
• Globalization facilitates the involvement of a growing diversity of participants and their coalitions in addressing environmental threats, including market and civil society actors.
• The nature of environmental challenges requires the incorporation of environmental governance into other areas trade, investment, health thus resulting in qualitative economic growth.
• Environmental standards influence patterns of trade and investment nationally and internationally.

Positive Effects of Globalization on Economic Growth

• It has resulted in increase in integration, specialization, standardization and efficiency.
• Increased FDI
• Greater Economic Growth
• Reduced product costs and speed to market.
• Increased innovation/product quality.
• Reduce external political tensions.
• Political power to the people.
• Reduced corruption.
• Increased communication/awareness/knowledge.
• Innovation and Idea exchange has improved.
• Increased business opportunity.
• Jobs in developing countries have increased.

Negative Effects of Globalization

• Environmental Degradation.
• Reduced employment (developed).
• Reduced wages.
• Increased economic disparity.
• Economic vulnerability.
• Undermine small business.
• Exploitation of labor/resources/markets.
• Economic disruption of labor force.
• Competition erodes profit margins.
• Cultural erosion.
• Reduced power of governments.
• Economic inequality.
• Increased corruption and temptation for money has increased.

To conclude Globalization has both positive and negative impacts. On one side it has degraded the environment and created problems like deforestation, pollution , disturbed ecogical balance but at the same time it has created awareness among people to protect and conserve environment for the future generations. Trade and investment patterns have been impacted due to Globalization. People and techniques have become more aware in creating fuel efficient products that cause less pollution.Globalization had resulted in economic growth and raised a concern for quality of life.