Consider the diagram to the right. The “initial” sketch illustrates, both at the macroscopic and molecular levels,

Consider the diagram to the right. The “initial” sketch illustrates, both at the macroscopic and molecular levels, an initial condition: 1 mol of a gas at 273 K and

1.00 bar. With as much detail as possible, illustrate the final condition after each of the following changes.

(a) The pressure is changed to 250 mmHg while standard temperature is maintained.

(b) The temperature is changed to 140 K while standard pressure is maintained.

(c) The pressure is changed to 0.5 bar while the temperature is changed to 550 K.

(d) An additional 0.5 mol of gas is introduced into the cylinder, the temperature is changed to and the pressure is changed to 2.25 bar.

Expert Solution

(a) The pressure drops to 1/3 of its original value, volume should increase to 67 L while velocity vi remains unchanged.

(b) Pressure stays constant at 1.00 atm. Temperature and volume drop to ½ original value, velocity drops to ~71% or 0.71_vi.

(c) Pressure drops to ½ original value, temperature increases to twice its original value, volume quadruples, velocity increases by ~41% or 1.41vi.

(d) Pressure increases to 2.25 times its original value, temperature increases by 50% as does the number of particles (moles). Volume remains unchanged, velocity is 22% to 1.22vi.

Junaid answered 8 months ago

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