Question

Distinguish between the sterilization of microbiological media and the pasteurization of dairy products.

Why is ionizing radiation more effective than UV radiation for sterilization of food products?

Distinguish between a sterilant, a disinfectant, and an antiseptic. What is cold sterilization?

Answer 1

1).Distinguish between the sterilization of microbiological media and the pasteurization of dairy products

Answer-  Microbiological media sterilization happens in an Autoclave. a Autoclave is widespread heating device. it uses steam under pressure for a certain time period.
For heat sensitive products like dairy, pasteurization in used.... Pasteurization is applied for the treatment of dairy products. that include thermolabile ingredients such as sugars and proteins, as a food preservation method in the food industry, etc. Because it kills only vegetative forms on the other hand sterilisation kills all forms of pathogens including spores so used mainly for surgical instruments and inanimate objects.  

You would not want to sterile the milk because then it will destroy all the good nutrients, vitamins and flavor. So by pasteurisation we only increase the shelf life of milk by destroying vegetative forms of bacteria.

2).Why is ionizing radiation more effective than UV radiation for sterilization of food products?

Answer,-. ionizing radiation is electromagnetic. when this type radiation hits they release reactive molecules like OH, e-, and H. the reactive molecules tear down lipids, proteins and DNA until cell death.
UV radiation is difference in wave length which leads to DNA modifaction or breakdown.
Ionizing is more effective because it penetrates deeper.....

Also ultraviolet can only be used to kill bacteria on surfaces

3).Distinguish between a sterilant, a disinfectant, and an antiseptic. What is cold sterilization?....

Sterliant- Sterilant - a chemical agent that destroys all forms of microbial life, including spores. Ethylene oxide is an example of a sterilant used to sterilize medical equipment at a low temperature.

Disinfectant- usually a chemical agent but sometimes a physical agent that destroys disease causing pathogens or other harmful microorganisms but might not kill bacterial spores... It refers to subsatnces applied to inanimate objects An example of a disinfectant is hydrogen peroxide commonly used as a medical disinfectant.

Antiseptic - a chemical agent that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms but is sufficiently non-toxic to be applied to living tissues. Rubbing alcohol is an example of an antiseptic agent...

COLD STERILISATION-

Cold (chemical) sterilization is the use of liquid chemical solutions to sterilize medical instruments. Not all items can be sterilized using liquid chemicals. To be effective, this method must be used on items that are relatively smooth, resistant to moisture, and exposed on all sides. This means the item that is placed inside the chemical sterilant must have a shape where the liquid sterilant can contact all of its surfaces at once. If a complex instrument is being placed into the solution it should be fully opened up or disassembled prior to sterilization.

Additionally, items placed in the cold sterilant must be clean and dry. This means all tissue, blood, pus, saliva, and the like have to be physically cleaned off of the item prior to being placed into the solution. All of that gory stuff is a really great way to insulate microorganisms from the sterilant. They are basically like shields around microorganisms because the chemical sterilant has a tough time penetrating through them.

Cold sterilization is a method of sterilization that requires the reusable semi-critical items to be immersed in EPA-approved liquid chemicals. These chemicals can include glutaraldehydes, peracetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide-based solutions. Single-use items can never be cold sterilized. They are not manufactured to be sterilized and may resist the process because of the materials with which they are made.