Question

To solve the bid price problem presented in the text, we set the project NPV equal to zero and found the required price using the definition of OCF. Thus the bid price represents a financial break-even level for the project. This type of analysis can be extended to many other types of problems.

Martin Enterprises needs someone to supply it with 138,000 cartons of machine screws per year to support its manufacturing needs over the next five years, and you’ve decided to bid on the contract. It will cost you $975,000 to install the equipment necessary to start production; you’ll depreciate this cost straight-line to zero over the project’s life. You estimate that, in five years, this equipment can be salvaged for $124,000. Your fixed production costs will be $550,000 per year, and your variable production costs should be $18.65 per carton. You also need an initial investment in net working capital of $116,000. Assume your tax rate is 23 percent and you require a return of 10 percent on your investment.

  

a.	Assuming that the price per carton is $28.60, what is the NPV of this project? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
b.	Assuming that the price per carton is $28.60, find the quantity of cartons per year you can supply and still break even. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to the nearest whole number, e.g., 32.)
c.	Assuming that the price per carton is $28.60, find the highest level of fixed costs you could afford each year and still break even. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)

  

Answer 1

Depreciation for equipment for each of the 5 year=975000/5=$195000

Initial investment=975000+116000=$1091000

NPV calculation is given below

Year	Unit Supplied	Revenue (no. of unit*28.6)	Variable Cost (no. of unit*18.65)	Fixed Cost	Depreciation	Tax (23%*(Revenue-Fixed Cost-Variable Cost-Depreciation))	Salvage Value	Free Cash Flow (i.e Revenue-Fixed Cost-Variable Cost+Depreciation-Tax+salvage value)	Discounted Present Value@10%(i.e. Free Cash Flow/1.1^year)
0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	(1,091,000.00)	(1,091,000.00)
1	138,000.00	3,946,800.00	2,573,700.00	550,000.00	195,000.00	144,463.00	-	873,637.00	794,215.45
2	138,000.00	3,946,800.00	2,573,700.00	550,000.00	195,000.00	144,463.00	-	873,637.00	722,014.05
3	138,000.00	3,946,800.00	2,573,700.00	550,000.00	195,000.00	144,463.00	-	873,637.00	656,376.41
4	138,000.00	3,946,800.00	2,573,700.00	550,000.00	195,000.00	144,463.00	-	873,637.00	596,705.83
5	138,000.00	3,946,800.00	2,573,700.00	550,000.00	195,000.00	144,463.00	124,000.00	997,637.00	619,454.09
								NPV (Total of present value)	2,297,765.82

a. So, NPV of the project is $2,297,765.82

b. Say, number of unit is x

So, Free Cash Flow= x*28.6-x*18.65-550000=0

or, 9.95x=550000

or, x= 55276.38 or 55276

So, to achieve break even you need to supply 55276 unit.

c. Say, highest level of fixed cost I can afford is y

So, 138000*28.6-138000*18.65-y=0

or, y= 138000*9.95=$1373100

So, the highest level of fixed cost I can afford till break even is $1373100.