In: Economics
HDI is calculated on the basis of the achievements in three domains i,e, economic, education, and health. It is a summary index using life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling for children, and mean years of schooling for adults, and GNI per capita.
It is given in the question that, countries X and Y have the same HDI with different GNI percapita. Country X has a high income but they attained human development equal to that of country Y and the country has a lower income. This may be due to the inequality in the distribution of income in country X.Income is concentrated in the hands of few and they enjoy all the benefits. The government of the country has failed to arrange facilities equal to that of the high income. Whereas in country Y, with lower income, the government has successfully arranged education and health facilities to the people. It shows the efficient use of resources in country Y. In that sense when we consider NHDI, we can say that country Y is in a better position than country X.