Write a program in python that opens a text file, whose name you enter at the keyboard.

•You will be using the file filetext.txt to test your program

•Print out all of the individual, unique words contained in the file, in alphabetical order.

MAKE SURE THAT ALL THE WORDS YOU PRINT OUT ARE IN A SINGLE COLUMN, ONE WORD PER COLUMN!•Print out the number of unique words appearing in text.txt

Passage 2 (Questions 8–14)

In the first place, to make the poem or the novel the central concern of literary criticism has appeared to mean cutting it loose from its author and from the author’s particular hopes, fears, interests, conflicts, etc. A criticism so limited may seem bloodless and hollow.

In the second place, to emphasize the work seems to involve severing it from those who actually read it, and this severance may seem drastic and therefore disastrous. After all, literature is written to be read.

The formalist critic knows as well as anyone that poems and plays and novels are written as expressions of particular personalities and are written from all sorts of motives–for money, from a desire to express oneself, for the sake of a cause, etc. Moreover, the formalist critic knows as well as anyone that literary works are merely potential until they are read–that is, that they are re-created in the minds of actual readers, who vary enormously in their capabilities, their interests, their prejudices, their ideas. But the formalist critic is concerned primarily with the work itself. Speculation on the mental processes of the author takes the critic away from the work into biography and psychology. Such studies describe the process of composition, not the structure of the thing composed.

On the other hand, exploration of the various readings which the work has received also takes the critic away from the work into psychology and the history of taste. But such work, valuable and necessary as it may be, is to be distinguished from a criticism of the work itself. The formalist critic makes two assumptions: (1) that the relevant part of the author’s intention is what the author actually put into the work–that is, the critic assumes that the author’s intention as realized is the “intention” that counts. And (2) the formalist critic assumes an ideal reader–that is, instead of focusing on the varying spectrum of possible readings, the critic attempts to find a central point of reference from which to focus on the structure of the poem or novel.

There is no ideal reader, of course. But for the purpose of focusing on the poem rather than on the critic’s own reactions, it is a defensible strategy. (The alternatives are desperate: Either we say that one person’s reading is as good as another’s, and thus deny the possibility of any standard reading, or else we take the lowest common denominator of the various readings that have been made–that is, we frankly move from literary criticism into social psychology. To propose taking a consensus of the opinions of “qualified” readers is simply to split the ideal reader into a group of ideal readers.) As consequences of the distinction just referred to, the formalist critic rejects two popular tests for literary value. The first proves the value of the work from the author’s “sincerity” (or the intensity of the author’s feelings as he or she composed it). We discount also such tests as the intensity of the critic’s reaction.

A literary work is a document and as a document can be analyzed in terms of the forces that have produced it, or it may be manipulated as a force in its own right. It mirrors the past, it may influence the future. These facts it would be futile to deny, and I know of no critic who does deny them. But the reduction of a work of literature to its causes does not constitute literary criticism; nor does an estimate of its effects. Good literature is more than effective rhetoric applied to true ideas–even if we could agree upon a philosophical yardstick for measuring the truth of ideas and even if we could find some way that transcended nose counting for determining the effectiveness of the rhetoric.

Material used in this test passage has been adapted from the following source:
C. Brooks, The formalist critic. ©1951 by The Kenyon Review.

The author of the passage probably rejects the use of biography and psychology in literary criticism because these disciplines:

1. cannot provide any information about literature.
2. assume that the author’s intention as realized is the only intention that counts.
3. take into account the entire range of possible readings of a literary work.
4. focus on the process of literary composition and not on its product.

Solution: The correct answer is D.

1. The passage author acknowledges that “such work [may be] valuable and necessary”. Implicitly, however, its value and necessity are the responsibility of biographers, historians, and psychologists, not of literary critics (see rationale D).
2. According to the passage author, it is the formalist critic for whom the intention as realized–i.e., the finished work–is the only relevant consideration. Conversely, it is the proper role of biography and psychology to consider the intention within the author’s mind.
3. The passage asserts that one alternative to an analysis of the poem itself is that “we take the lowest common denominator of the various readings that have been made–that is, we frankly move from literary criticism into social psychology”. This assertion does not reject psychology (biography is not at issue in this regard) because it might study the effects of literature on readers; it rejects this psychological approach for critics because it “does not constitute literary criticism”.
4. To use biography in literary criticism would be to consider facts about an author’s life; to use psychology would be to speculate about the inner life of an author or of those who have commented on a literary work. The passage author contends that the application of either of these disciplines to an author is inappropriate for a literary critic because both “describe the process of composition, not the structure of the thing composed”. The argument against a critic’s using psychology to explore the various ways that readers have understood a work is that this investigation, too, “is to be distinguished from a criticism of the work itself”.

I thought B "assume that the author’s intention as realized is the only intention that counts." was the correct answer because in the passage it literally states that the authors intention REALIZED intention is the only intention that counts. The explanation given by AAMC doesnt really make much sense to me.

1. A mirror of focal length 22.4 cm creates an image with magnification -0.350. What is the image distance?

2. As light travels between media with different indices of refraction, which of the following wave properties changes: speed, frequency, wavelength?

Explain the Phillips Curve and potential differences between the short-run version and the long-run version. How were the economic performance and policies of the country affected by the Phillips Curve in the 1970s, and what eventually happened to break this pattern?

Assignment: What types of legal claims could Patty make against Cash Mart and Geoffrey?

Notes:

Introduction
In this assignment, you’ll need to decide whether Paula Plaintiff has any legal claims arising from a series of unfortunate events. After reading the scenario, answer the questions that follow, making sure to fully explain the basis of your decision.

Paula Plaintiff is shopping at her favorite store, Cash Mart. She is looking for a new laptop, but she can’t find one she likes. Then, realizing that she is going to be late for an appointment, she attempts to leave the store, walking very fast. However, before she can leave, she is stopped by a security guard who accuses her of shoplifting. Paula, who has taken nothing, denies any wrong doing. The officer insists and takes Paula to a small room in the back of the store. The guard tells Paula that if she attempts to leave the room she will be arrested and sent to jail. At this point, the guard leaves the room. Paula is scared and waits in the room for over an hour until the manager comes in and apologizes and tells Paula that she is free to go.

About this same time, Geoffrey Golfer is hitting golf balls in his backyard. Geoffrey decides to break out his new driver and hits a golf ball out of his backyard into the Cash Mart parking lot. The golf ball hits Paula Plaintiff on the head and knocks her unconscious just as she is leaving the store.

Instructions
In a 6–10 paragraph paper, answer the following questions:
What types of legal claims could Paula make against Cash Mart and Geoffrey?
Consider the following:
What are the possible tort claims that Paula can make against Cash Mart? Discuss the elements of the claim and how those elements relate to the facts in the scenario.
Was Geoffrey negligent when he hit the golf ball that injured Paula? Discuss the elements of negligence and use facts from the scenario to support your decision.
If Paula files a negligence claim against Geoffrey will she file in civil court or criminal court? Explain the difference between civil court and criminal court.

This course requires the use of Strayer Writing Standards. For assistance and information, please refer to the Strayer Writing Standards link in the left-hand menu of your course.

In addition to your textbook, you have access to Nexus Uni through the Strayer University Library. Please take advantage of this excellent legal resource!

The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is:

Determine if a plaintiff can make legal claims based on the events in a given scenario.

Assume that when adults with smartphones are randomly​ selected, 43​% use them in meetings or classes. If 10 adult smartphone users are randomly​ selected, find the probability that fewer than 5 of them use their smartphones in meetings or classes.

The probability is ?

Steven can choose between two CDs offered by two different banks. One pays 5 percent simple interest and the other pays 5 percent compound interest. Which CD should he choose and why? (15 points)

II. Joan has been talking with her banker about interest rates. Her banker told her that the bank offers higher interest rates if she puts the money in a CD (Certificate of Deposit) than in a regular savings account. Why is the bank able to offer more interest on a CD than a savings account? (15 points)

III. The following 15 questions are worth 3 points each for 45 total points.

1. The chance that an investment will decrease in value is a _________.
a) trade b) risk c) choice d) certainty

2. The person who handles the transfer of stocks and bonds between buyer and seller is a ______.
a) stockbroker b) banker c) financier d) government employee

3. Joe bought 300 shares of stock last year at $3 per share and sold them today at $6 a share. His capital gain is _______.
a) $500. B) $300. C) $900. D) $600.

4. Capital gains are
a) proceeds from the sale of stock b) profit from the sale of stock c)proceeds from real estate sales d) profit minus sales fee for stocks

5. Sector funds are
a) aggressive funds b) international funds c) specific types of businesses funds d) bond funds

6. The income you earn on an investment is a ______.
a) growth b) return c) value d) risk

7. The sales fee you pay when you invest in a mutual fund is called a (n)________.
a) return b) cosign c) trust d)load

8. A company that specializes in helping people buy and sell stocks and bonds is a _________.
a) brokerage firm b) stock exchange c) inside trader d) Securities and Exchange Commission

9. A tax deferred retirement savings plan offered to employees by any employer is a (n) _____.
a) 401(k) b) 403(b) c) IRA d) exchange

10. A non-voting share that pays a fixed dividend is called _________.
a) common stock b) preferred stock c) mutual stock d) transferable stock

11. Insider trading is trading stock based on information available on the internet.
a) True or b) False

12. A savings plan with deferred tax benefits set up by an individual not the employer is called ______.
a) 403(b) b) IRA c) 401(k) d) REIT

13. You rent a living room chair from a Rent-To-Own company for $9.95 per week. The company says after 40 weeks you will own the chair. How much will this chair cost you?
a) $300. B) $350. C) $398. D) $412

14. The measure of credit worthiness is a ________.
a) credit listing b) credit debt c) ability to repay a loan d) credit charge

15. A savings plan with deferred tax benefits set up for teachers, ministers, hospital workers and some other public employees is a (an) _______plan.
a) 403b b) IRA c) 401K d) REIT

 
IV. Answer these short essay questions:

1. You buy 200 shares of stock at $5.00 per share. You receive one dividend of 20 cents per share. You sell the stock two years later for $6.00 a share. Fee for selling the stock online is $15.

What is the total profit you made on the entire transaction? Is this a long-term or short-term capital gain? (10 points)

2. You have a credit card that charges 18% per year interest or 1.5% per month. Interest is charged at the beginning of the month. You buy a TV for $1500 on the credit card, but at the end of the month you only pay $100. You continue to pay $100 the next month. You pay the entire balance in the third month.

How much did you pay the third month? (10 points)

How much total interest did you pay over the three months? (5 points)

Why is culture important to consider when studying populations in experimental psychology?

ABC Company produces a chemical. At the start of the year, they had the following cost information:

ABC Company computes its overhead rates using practical volume, which is 72,000 units. The actual results are as follows:

a. Units produced: 70,000.

b. Direct materials purchased: 744,000 pounds @ $1.50 per pound.

c.   Direct materials used: 736,000 pounds.

d. Direct labor: 56,000 hours @ $17.90 per hour.

e. Fixed overhead: $214,000

f.   Variable overhead: $175,400

Required: You must show all your calculations for question 1 (below) to get credit.

1. Calculate all the following variances:

a. Direct materials price and efficiency variances.

b. Direct labor price and efficiency variances.

c.   Variable overhead price and efficiency variances.

d. Fixed overhead price and efficiency variances.

2. Record all the necessary journal entries for:

a. Materials purchases.

b. Materials used in production.

c.   Direct labor costs incurred in production.

d. Actual variable overhead costs incurred.

e. Variable overhead costs applied.

f.   Actual fixed overhead costs incurred.

g. Fixed overhead costs applied.

h. Recognition of variable overhead variances.

i.    Recognition of fixed overhead variances.

j.    Closing of all the variance accounts

Could you use saturated sodium bicarbonate as a test reagent to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds

1. Aspirin and ibuprofen

2. Aspirin and methyl salicylate

Explain you rationale clearly, describing what you might expect to observe when each substance is mixed with the test reagent

First level CS, should not be too complex. Need in a week.

You must turn in three java files - FoodItem.java, Order.java and MyOrder.java. In addition to these, you must include a screenshot of the output by executing the file MyOrder.java. Submissions without all these files will not be graded.

Task 1:

Design a class named FoodItem which contains the following fields:

Type of food item: Like entree, bread, soup, salad, drink or dessert to name a few

Item number: could be an alphanumeric code or just a number

Unit price: $xx.xx

You must include appropriate instance methods like constructors, getters , setters and toString for all the fields.

Task 2:

Create another class named Order which has the following fields:

Order number: It could be an alphanumeric id or numeric.

Customer Name: First and last name of the customer

Combo meal option: yes or no

DiscountAmount: If combo meal is chosen, offer a 5% discount

OrderTotal: Total bill amount

You must create the following methods for the Order class:

Constructor (s) - You may include an extra constructor that takes in the Customer name as a parameter.

Setters, getters and toString methods for the appropriate fields.

add(item,quantity) - this method adds the price of purchasing an item to the Order total.

getOrderTotal() - this method returns the total bill amount to be paid by the customer after including any discounts applicable and also a 10% sales tax on the total amount.

Task 3:

Create a class named MyOrder that displays a Menu of items available to choose from, creates an order for two different customers and reports their total bill amount. Use appropriate print statements to guide the user through the ordering process. Remember, this is the class where you are actually placing an order (action required). So, this class must contain the main method.

a) The maximum daily water level at an embankment with height 6m can be described with mean 2m and varians 1m².

What is the upper bound that the embankment will be flooded the given day?

b) For the stochastic variable  Z = 4X − 5Y − 5, it is given that E(X) = 5, E(Y ) = 3, Var(X) = 16 and Var(Y ) = 9 while Cov(X, Y ) = 8.

Find Var(Z)

1. Assume that the cache size is 256kB, and each cache line is 64 Bytes. (10%)

1. Let us assume this is a Two-way associative cache. How many cache sets are there?

2. Let us assume the following memory blocks need to be accessed:

Memory Blocks #4100, 8196, 2052, 8196, 2052, 4100

If the cache is initially empty, what is the cache hit/miss rate?

Four two-dimensional objects are shown below, with a square grid drawn for reference. Each white square is empty, while each green square contains uniformly dense mass. For each object, choose the row (1-4) and column (a-d) in which the object\'s center of mass is located.

Go to this link to see the pictures: https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/four-two-dimensional-objects-shown-square-grid-drawn-reference-white-square-empty-green-sq-q8131931