Cash Budgeting

Dorothy Koehl recently leased space in the Southside Mall and opened a new business, Koehl's Doll Shop. Business has been good, but Koehl frequently run out of cash. This has necessitated late payment on certain orders, which is beginning to cause a problem with suppliers. Koehl plans to borrow from the bank to have cash ready as needed, but first she needs a forecast of how much she should borrow. Accordingly, she has asked you to prepare a cash budget for the critical period around Christmas, when needs will be especially high.

Sales are made on a cash basis only. Koehl's purchases must be paid for during the following month. Koehl pays herself a salary of $4,100 per month, and the rent is $1,500 per month. In addition, she must make a tax payment of $11,000 in December. The current cash on hand (on December 1) is $300, but Koehl has agreed to maintain an average bank balance of $5,000 - this is her target cash balance. (Disregard the amount in the cash register, which is insignificant because Koehl keeps only a small amount on hand in order to lessen the chances of robbery.)

The estimated sales and purchases for December, January, and February are shown below. Purchases during November amounted to $100,000.

1. Prepare a cash budget for December, January, and February.

   I. Collections and Purchases:
   	December	January	February
   Sales	$	$	$
   Purchases	$	$	$
   Payments for purchases	$	$	$
   Salaries	$	$	$
   Rent	$	$	$
   Taxes	$	---	---
   Total payments	$	$	$
   Cash at start of forecast	$	---	---
   Net cash flow	$	$	$
   Cumulative NCF	$	$	$
   Target cash balance	$	$	$
   Surplus cash or loans needed	$	$	$

   
   
2. Suppose Koehl starts selling on a credit basis on December 1, giving customers 30 days to pay. All customers accept these terms, and all other facts in the problem are unchanged. What would the company's loan requirements be at the end of December in this case? (Hint: The calculations required to answer this part are minimal.)
   $____________

Please answer any or all, thank you!!

______ 30. Most industrialized nations in the world now use a _____________________________, where

exchange rates fluctuate due to changes in demand.

                                                          A. floating exchange rate system

                                                          B. fixed exchange rate system

                                                          C. purchasing power parity exchange rate system

                                                          D. central bank regulatory system

______ 31. Firms hold cash balances

                                                          A. to complete transactions that are necessary in business operations.

                                                          B. as compensation to banks for providing loans and services.

                                                          C. to earn “Interest Revenue.”

                                                          D. A and B.

                                                          E. A and B and C.

______ 32. To reduce the length of its “Cash Conversion Cycle” (CCC), a company could

                                                          A. adopt a new inventory system that reduces the inventory conversion period.

                                                          B. reduce the average “Days Sales Outstanding” (DSO) on its “Accounts                                                            Receivable.”

                                                          C. reduce the amount of time the company takes to pay its suppliers.

                                                          D. A and B.

                                                          E. A and B and C.

______ 33. A lock box system for cash collections from customers is most beneficial to firms which    

                                                          A. make collections over a wide geographic area.

                                                          B. have widely dispersed manufacturing facilities.

                                                          C. have a large marketable securities account to protect.

                                                          D. hold inventories at many different sites.

______ 34. A(n) ____________________ opportunity exists if a currency trader has the opportunity to earn a

                      positive cash flow with no risk involved in the transaction.

                      A. gold standard

                      B. arbitrage

                      C. interest rate parity

D. market equilibrium

In this problem you will need to read about the functions numpy.load and numpy.bincount. Store all answers in appropriate variables. numbers = np.load('randomints.npy')

Use only numpy functionality to carry out this part.

(a) Load the file randomints.npy into a numpy array. There are 100000 integers in this file and they are between 0 and 1000.

(b) Get a bincount array for the array loaded in the first part.

(c) Let M be the largest number of times an element occurs in the array.

What is the smallest number that occurs M times?

(d) What is the number of integers that occurred 111 times?

Given two integer arrays sorted in the ascending order, code the function SortArrays to merge them into one array in the descending order. You need to make sure if the values in the arrays are changed, it will still work. (25 points) #include using namespace std; void SortArrays (int a[], int b[], int c[], int size); void printArray(int m[], int length); const int NUM = 5; int main() { int arrA[NUM] = {-2, 31, 43, 55, 67}; int arrB[NUM] = {-4, 9, 11, 17, 19}; int result[2*NUM]; SortArrays(arrA, arrB, result, NUM); printArray(result, 2*NUM); return 0; } void SortArrays (int a[], int b[], int c[], int size) { } void printArray(int m[], int length) { for(int i = 0; i < length; i++) cout<< m[i]<<" "; cout<endl;

}

Consider a newly issued straight bond with par value of $1,000 and 3 years until maturity. It makes semi-annual coupon payments at a coupon rate of 12%. The bond sells at a yield to maturity of 14%.

a. List the cash flows of the bond.

b. Calculate the current value of these cash flows as if they were zero-coupon bonds. For example, in half a year, the bond is going to pay a coupon of $60. Treat this coupon payment as a zero-coupon bond with par value of $60 and find its present value.

c. Determine the price of the straight bond. Compare this result to the portfolio of zero-coupon bonds from b.

d. Determine the price of the bond on the day after the first coupon, assuming that the yield to maturity has not changed.

Repeat your calculations for a yield to maturity of 10%.

Run a regression analysis on the following bivariate set of data with y as the response variable.

Find the correlation coefficient and report it accurate to three decimal places.
r =

What proportion of the variation in y can be explained by the variation in the values of x? Report answer as a percentage accurate to one decimal place. (If the answer is 0.84471, then it would be 84.5%...you would enter 84.5 without the percent symbol.)
r² = %

Based on the data, calculate the regression line (each value to three decimal places)

y =  x +

Predict what value (on average) for the response variable will be obtained from a value of 40.7 as the explanatory variable. Use a significance level of α=0.05α=0.05 to assess the strength of the linear correlation.

What is the predicted response value? (Report answer accurate to one decimal place.)
y =

Write a single python file to perform the following tasks:

(a) Get dataset “from sklearn.datasets import load_iris”. Split the dataset into two sets: 20% of samples for training, and 80% of samples for testing.

NOTE 1: Please use “from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split” with “random_state=N” and “test_size=0.80”.
NOTE 2: The offset/bias column is not needed here for augmenting the input features.

2. (b) Generate the target output using one-hot encoding for both the training set and the test set.

3. (c) Using the same training and test sets generated above, perform a polynomial regression (utilizing “from sklearn.preprocessing import PolynomialFeatures”) from orders 1 to 10 (adopting the weight-decay L2 regularization with regularization factor λ=0.0001) for classification (based on the

   one-hot encoding) and compute the number of training and test samples that are classified correctly.

NOTE 1: The offset/bias augmentation will be automatically generated by PolynomialFeatures. NOTE 2: If the number of rows in the training polynomial matrix is less than or equal to the number of

columns, then use the dual form of ridge regression (Lecture 6). If not, use the primal form (Lecture 6).

Submit a single python file with filename “A2_StudentMatriculationNumber.py”. It should contain a function A2_MatricNumber that takes in an integer “N” as input and returns the following outputs in the following order:

• X_train: training numpy feature matrix with dimensions (number_of_training_samples ⨯ 4). (1%)

• X_test: test numpy feature matrix with dimensions (number_of_test_samples ⨯ 4). (1%)

• y_train: training target numpy array (containing values 0, 1 and 2) of length

  number_of_training_samples. (1%)

• y_test: test target numpy array (containing values 0, 1 and 2) of length number_of_test_samples. (1%)

• Ytr: one-hot encoded training target numpy matrix (containing only values 0 and 1) with dimension

  (number_of_training_samples ⨯ 3). (1%)

• Yts: one-hot encoded test target numpy matrix (containing only values 0 and 1) with dimension

  (number_of_test_samples ⨯ 3). (1%)

• Ptrain_list: list of training polynomial matrices for orders 1 to 10. Ptrain_list[0] should be polynomial

  matrices for order 1 (size number_of_training_samples x 5), Ptrain_list[1] should be polynomial matrices for

  order2(sizenumber_of_training_samplesx15),etc. (1.5%)

• Ptest_list: list of test polynomial matrices for orders 1 to 10. Ptest_list[0] should be polynomial

  matrices for order 1, Ptest_list[1] should be polynomial matrices for order 2, etc. (1.5%)

• w_list: list of estimated regression coefficients for orders 1 to 10. w_list[0] should be estimated regression

  coefficients for order 1, w_list[1] should be estimated regression coefficients for order 2, etc. (2%)

• error_train_array: numpy array of training error counts (error count = number of samples classified incorrectly) for orders 1 to 10. error_train_array[0] is error count for polynomial order 1, error_train_array[1]

  is error count for polynomial order 2, etc. (2%)

• error_test_array: numpy array of test error counts (error count = number of samples classified

  incorrectly) for orders 1 to 10. error_test_array[0] is error count for polynomial order 1, error_test_array[1] is error count for polynomial order 2, etc. (2%)

  Please use the python template provided to you. Remember to rename both “A2_StudentMatriculationNumber.py” and “A2_MatricNumber” using your student matriculation number. For example, if your matriculation ID is A1234567R, then you should submit “A2_A1234567R.py” that contains the function “A2_A1234567R”. Please do NOT zip/compress your file. Because of the large class size, points will be deducted if instructions are not followed. The way we would run your code might be something like this:

  >> import A2_A1234567R as grading
  >> N = 10
  >> X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test, Ytr, Yts, Ptrain_list, Ptest_list, w_list, error_train_array, error_test_array = grading.A2_A1234567R(N)

No Explanation needed only True or false

1. Networking capital may be defined as “Current Assets” minus “Current Liabilities.”

2. The forward rate is the rate applied to buy currency for immediate delivery.

3. The shorter a firm’s “Cash Conversion Cycle” (CCC), the better. A shorter CCC will result in lower “Interest Expense” for the firm.

4. Exchange rates influence a multinational firm’s inventory policy because changing currency values can affect the value of inventory.

5. If a single U.S. dollar will buy fewer units of a foreign currency in the forward market than in the spot market, then the forward currency is said to be selling at a premium to the spot rate.

6. Holding minimal levels of inventory (i.e., the “lean and mean” or “restricted” working capital policy) can reduce inventory carrying costs and cannot lead to any adverse effects on profitability.

7. The sound working capital policy is designed to maximize the time between cash expenditures on raw materials and the collection of cash from credit sales.

8. The United States and most other major industrialized nations currently operate under a system of floating exchange rates.

9. A given indirect currency quotation is the reciprocal of the direct quotation.

10. Prior to 1971, the United States used a fixed exchange rate system, with the U.S. dollar being tied to gold.

11. Due to advanced technology and the similarity of general procedures, multi-national financial management is no more complex than financial management for domestic firms.

12. A country’s central bank can “prop up” or raise the value of its currency on the market by selling additional reserves of its own currency on the open market.

13. The volatility of exchange rates under a floating rate system increases the uncertainty of the cash flows for a multinational corporation.

14. According to today’s edition of The Wall Street Journal, $1.5769 U.S. dollars can purchase one euro. This is an indirect quote in terms of U.S. dollars.

15. Under a “relaxed” current asset investment policy, a firm holds only small amounts of current assets relative to sales.

Jason Ackerman is the management accountant for Central Restaurant Supply ​(CRS. Beth Donaldson, the CRS sales​ manager, and Jason are meeting to discuss the profitability of one of the​ customers, Mama Leone's Leone's Pizza. Jason hands Beth the following analysis of Mama Leone's activity during the last​ quarter, taken from Central ​activity-based costing​ system:

Sales $23,400

Cost of goods sold (all variable) 14,025

Order processing (25 orders processed at $300 per order) 7,500

Delivery (2,500 miles driven at $0.75 per mile) 1,875

Rush orders (3 rush orders at $165 per rush order) 495

Sales calls (3 sales calls at $150 per call) 450

Operating income $ (945)

Beth looks at the report and​ remarks, "I'm glad to see all my hard work is paying off with Mama Leone's. Sales have gone up 10 % over the previous​ quarter!"

Jason ​replies, "Increased sales are​ great, but​ I'm worried about Mama Leone's ​margin, Beth. We were showing a profit with Mama Leone's at the lower sales​ level, but now​ we're showing a loss. Gross margin percentage this quarter was 40 %​, down five percentage points from the prior quarter.​ I'm afraid that corporate will push hard to drop them as a customer if things​ don't turn​ around."

​"That's crazy," Beth responds.​ "A lot of that overhead for things like order​ processing, deliveries, and sales calls would just be allocated to other customers if we dropped Mama Leone's. This report makes it look like​ we're losing money on Mama Leone's when​ we're not. In any​ case, I am sure you can do something to make its profitability look closer to what we think it is. No one doubts that Mama Leone's is a very good​ customer."

Requirements

Assume that Beth is partly correct in her assessment of the report. Upon further​ investigation, it is determined that 10 % of the order processing costs and 20 % of the delivery costs would not be avoidable if CRS were to drop Mama Leone's. Would CRS benefit from dropping Mama Leone's​? Show your calculations.

Beth​'s bonus is based on meeting sales targets. Based on the preceding information regarding gross margin​ percentage, what might Beth have done last quarter to meet her target and receive her​ bonus? How might CRS revise its bonus system to address​ this?

Should Jason rework the​ numbers? How should he respond to Beth​'s comments about making Mama Leone's look more​ profitable?

The filtration is carried out for 15 min at a constant rate in a leaf filter and continued at constant pressure using a cake that is incompressible with a filter medium resistance that is negligible. This pressure is that attained at the end of the constant rate period. The volume collected during the constant rate period = volume collected at constant pressure, what is the total filtration time?

Direct Labor Variances

The following data relate to labor cost for production of 3,400 cellular telephones:

a. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

b. The employees may have been less-experienced workers who were paid less than more-experienced workers or poorly trained, thereby resulting in a labor rate than planned. The lower level of experience or training may have resulted in efficient performance. Thus, the actual time required was than standard.

Please Use your keyboard (Don't use handwriting)

MGT 201

I need new and unique answers, please. (Use your own words, don't copy and paste)

Assignment Question(s):

1. What are the biggest challenges Norwegian experienced in trying to expand its airline across the globe? (2.5 marks)

2. To what extent did you observe examples of ethnocentric, polycentric, or geocentric attitudes in this case? Provide examples to support your conclusions. (2.5 marks)

3. Use Table 4.4 (Given below) to identify cultural differences that are likely to arise between Norwegian employees working in Denmark and Sweden and Thailand. How might these differences affect interpersonal interactions, and what can the company do to reduce any unintended conflict from these differences?

4. What are the most important lessons to be learned about global management from this case? Discuss.

_______________
please re-write my answer by using new and unique answers, please. (Use your own words, don't copy and paste)*******

Answer:-

1)

The greatest difficulties that Norwegian Air need to confront is about markdown bearer that they need to battle with other contender, for example, Ryanair, Britain's EasyJet and Germany's Air Berlin. Next, United Stated carriers are attempting to keep the United Stated Department of Transportation (DOT) from permitting Norwegian flights into the nation since they stress that outside contender will dispatch what they portray as an unreasonable value war with them. From that point onward, the Norwegian's global courses will win in light of the fact that their planes were consuming a great deal of gas.

Next, The Kjos additionally tallying the lower individual cost that attempting to get around this by basing flights in lower-compensations nations. At that point, Norwegian additionally faces the restriction in the United Stated where American Airlines, Delta Airlines, United Airlines, and United Stated Airways are asking the central government to dismiss an application by Norwegian Air International.

Next, The United Stated Federal Aviation Administration requested Boeing to quit conveying them a year ago until it fixed their lithium batteries, which had burst into flames. In conclusion, Norwegian Dreamliners additionally faces numerous issues with their traveler, for example, one fly was grounded in Bangkok on account of siphon issues.

2)

Initially, ethnocentric perspectives is the techniques for worldwide enrollment wherein, the HR selects the opportune individual for the correct activity for the universal business and furthermore the premise of the abilities required and the eagerness of the contender to blend in with the association's way of life. Right now, are a case of ethnocentric perspectives when the present representatives just need it the flights to be in Norway. Next, the staff individuals didn't need their business to be in danger in different nations. In conclusion, a model we can see from the United Stated also on the grounds that they didn't need Norwegian flights coming into the United Stated.

Besides, the geocentric perspectives is that the world full with gifted staff and the most qualified up-and-comer, who is productive in his field, and ought to be selected for the activity independent of his nationality. This mentalities is trailed by the organizations that are genuinely worldwide in light of the fact that they follow the coordinated worldwide business methodology. Right now, are a case of geocentric perspectives in the Norwegian carrier since they needed to challenge the organization models as southwest did likewise however wasn't effective. Next, Norwegian way to deal with attempt worldwide administrations be in the Thailand, for example, having a portion of its workers and other team in various nations, and contracting orderlies in the United Stated.

Ultimately, polycentric perspectives is the universal enlistment strategy wherein the HR enrolls the staff for the global organizations. In polycentric mentalities, the nationals of the host nation are enlisted for the administrative situations to do the activities of the auxiliary organization. The reason behind this perspectives is that local people of the host nation realize their way of life better and can maintain the business all the more effectively when contrasted with their outside partners. The polysentric demeanor right now be viewed as the areas wherein Norwegian Air Shuttle is attempting to include flights and representatives in regions like Thailand, which will help diminish costs by offering low compensations and increment deals by including flights.

In conclusion, the non-stop flights could makes more open doors for more pilots and airline stewards that should serve the long flights and the Norwegian Air was wanting to diminish staff costs.

3)

Culture is the mutual allowance of faith based expectations, qualities, information, and examples of conduct regular to a gathering of individuals. when individu go travel to an outside nation for recreation, arrangement of administrations or work, all things considered, social contrasts will emerge and influence associations with all gatherings included. It is difficult to fit in another spot which can influence a person's general prosperity grinding away. Experiencing issues changing in accordance with outside culture and practices could bring about lessened work limit. Denmark, Sweden and Thailand have their individualized business method of activity which may not generally be seen as great for new workers from another nation. Language, relational space, correspondence, time direction, religion, law and steadiness are a couple of main considerations when in a remote nation.

Language and correspondence in the work spot can be firmly influenced when either doesn't comprehend their companion. Misconception and miscommunication regularly emerge on the grounds that individuals don't comprehend the desire for the opposite side. This will make weight on relational connections and be a deterrent in accomplishing shared objectives.

At the point when specialist utilize diverse language as opposed to utilizing one language can influence the nature of the activity. The specialist probably won't comprehend the objectives of the firm. Each laborer must utilize one dialects to speak with one another for instance English to ensure other can comprehend and can discuss very well with their friend or specialist .Also, to keep away from separation the administration likewise should empower laborer from various nation to get familiar with the nearby dialects. From this can make a decent connection among nearby and remote specialist.

Social measurement isolated by two, for example, low-setting society and high setting culture.A huge distinction is in power separation, which communicates how much a general public's individuals anticipate that force should be inconsistent mutual. Norwegian representatives may have to a lesser degree a force separation than Thai workers.

Norwegian ought to teach its representatives on this issue and assist them with understanding that in Thailand supervisors hold a great deal of intensity and their requests may go unchallenged. This is critical to note when conversing with representatives in Thailand Demark is consider to have a lower power separation, high vulnerability shirking, low in bunch community, and high future direction.

At the point when we see this against the components of the Netherlands we can see numerous matches demonstrating that the way of life should work well, anyway when we see the measurements against Sweden we can see numerous jumbles present showing that the way of life would almost certainly conflict. These distinctions can affect relational collaborations as the different gatherings of individuals have various convictions, mentalities, and qualities. So as to diminish the contention that can be brought about by the distinctions the association should direct social preparing on the regions wherein they may prepared with other social.

Besides, religion may influence the relationship of the laborers. Supervisor ought to consider the distinctions religion in Thailand. Each specialist and furthermore the executives must know and comprehend about their companion religion.

This is on the grounds that each religion have their own affectability. For instance Islam, islam deny his adherent to drink liquor and must perform solat 5 times each day. So supervisor must realize that each religion have their own disallowance. In Thailand budha is the significant religion. In end the executives must worried about their laborer to keep away from strife

Besides time direction is diverse in numerous societies. Additionally every nation have their own working hour. Its distinctive when other organization or firm go to the outside nation. The specialist must fix in the remote nation working hour.when norwegian laborer in thailand they should follow Thailand working hour .There are two kind of time, for example, monochronic time and polychronic time.

Monochronic time is inclination for doing each thing in turn. For polychronic time is an inclination for accomplishing more than each thing in turn. For instance is when Kjos purchase 42 new flies from boeing despite the fact that they couldn't manage the cost of it.they may be bankrupt. Anyway their income and benefit was multiplied and the Norwegian was flying twice.

Besides, every nation have their own law and steadiness. At the point when individuals go to other nation they should adhere to the law of that nation. Each firm mulling over building up itself abroad should manage different nations law and strategic policies, which much of the time includes making count about political hazard that may cause loss of an organization resources.

For the model when Norwegian sued SAS for unlawfully utilizing its competitive advantage, in the end winning a 160 million kroner judgment in 2010. This show law is administering. Despite the fact that, SAS is constrained by the administration. The laborers must keep away from accomplishing something that can violate the law

All in all, distinctions in social with contrast style of working may influence the activity. To ensure the firm is stabil in outside nation the board must think about the obstruction and other social. Likewise, to ensure there is no contention in the firm administration must worried on their laborer.

4)

Worldwide administration applies to organizations that have workers running from specialists to officials and chiefs who are arranged abroad and are equipped with the comprehension of how organizations run in remote shores. On the off chance that inquiring about Norwegian Air Shuttle's longing to turn into the least expensive worldwide aircraft, the most important exercise to gain from worldwide administration is consistently to think of new thoughts, consider the potential outcomes and face challenge. President Bjorn Kjos is as yet a stride ahead in his training. Norwegian Air Shuttle.

He made the greatest plane request throughout the entire existence of Europe in 2012 as the principal non-stop departure from Scandinavia and at a modest cost to Fort Lauderdale. He attempts to expand the nearness of Nowegian in Europe and to challenge the best three markdown firms. Kjos likewise offers less expensive worldwide flights to remote areas. Right now, the board is essentially planned for advancing low-evaluated remote clients. His vision is to transform Norwegian into Southwest Airlines ' worldwide adaptation. You should consistently be clear about the potential outcomes and ramifications of a market. To deal with your item. Anticipate what issue occurs so we must have an alternate course of action or opportunity to endure. Kjos expected the Airlines attempted and bombed significantly different upstarts.

Kjos says Norwegian will succeed on the grounds that he needs to fly the Dreamliner and another gathering. He expects 500 million new traveler air voyagers in the following decade and plans to draw travelers on low passages. At whatever point he's looking for trouble, he's so certain. In do as such, a vital administration procedure will, obviously, be presented.

Each business there will constantly an issue from outer elements. Model right now Kjos manage the Scandinavian Airlines(SAS) and the monetary issue. Norwegian sued SAS for illicitly utilizing its competitive advantages, in the long run winning a 160 million kroner judgment in 2010. You need to think cautiously and settle on the correct choice with regards to worldwide administration. Before long Kjos had another thing to stress over which was rising oil costs. Be that as it may, they never surrender and face challenge to purchase 42 planes from Boeing for $3 billion.

Indeed, even they couldn't manage the cost of it however they are facing the challenge to endure. Worldwide administration additionally permits them to remain side by side of the new advances and client needs. Thusly, Kjos will consider an answer from Dreamliner that combustes less vitality than previously. Clients are regularly attracted to low costs. It relies upon lower work costs too.

He additionally battled for his technique through American Airlines, Delta Airlines, United Airlines, and US Airways. One emergency in which the Dreamliners were hazardous Kjos reacted by multiplying the last emergency. In December, he despite everything disclosed to Norwegian that he would lease two extra Dreamliners.

In end the exercises learned structure this contextual investigation is to have an unmistakable vision on what you need to do. With the end goal for things to happen you have to make chance and be one stride ahead from the adversaries. There will consistently issue in business however it is the issue how you handle it and to not surrendering. So as to endure you have to continue onward and stay aware of different contenders.

Java

Write a method that counts how many times one string appears in another string. The method takes three input parameters: two Strings and one Boolean. The Boolean value determines whether the words are allowed to overlap each other. For example:

When the method is called with input parameters (“balloon”, “oo”, false), it returns 1.

When the method is called with input parameters (“hh”, “hhhhhh”, true) returns 5.

When the method is called with input parameters (“cc”, “abcdefg”, true), returns 0.

• From a manager perspective, in what ways are power, conflict, and negotiation related to emotions and communication in teamwork scenarios? What is a strategy for managing conflict in a team?