1. Under what conditions are ketone bodies formed and what are their uses in the body?

2. Mammals are unable to use fatty acids in gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources) because they lack an enzyme to convert acetyl- CoA to pyruvate. However, recent experimental evidence indicates that certain unusual fatty acids that have odd-numbered carbon chains can be converted to small quantities of glucose. As the odd-carbon chain fatty acid undergoes oxidation, one molecule of propionyl-CoA (3 carbons) is produced during the last cycle. What is the fate of this molecule?

A rigid tank with volume Vtank=20 liter is maintained at T1=300 C and initially contain m1=0.08 kg of water as shown in the figure. At some time, a valve is opened allowing Vin=2 liters of waters at Tin=20 C and Pin=20.0 MPa to enter the tank. The valve is shut and eventually all of the water in the tank comes to T2=300 C.

a)Locate state 1 and state in, the states of the water initially in the tank and the water added to the tank, respectively, on a sketch of a T-v diagram. Indicate on your diagram what two properties define each state as well as lines of constant pressures (isobars), lines of constant specific volume (isochors) and/or lines of constant temperatures (isotherms)).

b)What is the initial pressure in the tank (MPa)?

c)What is the mass of the water added to the tank (kg)?

d)Locate state 2, the final state of the water in the tank, on the T-v diagram from (a).

e) What is the final pressure in the tank (MPa)?

f) Explain how it is possible for the temperature of the water in the tank to remain constant at 3000C after adding water with much lower temperature ( 20oC ) to the tank.

g)On a P-v diagram overlay initial state and final state of water in the tank. Indicate on your diagram what two properties define each states and draw isotherms.

Bromate and bromide react in acidic solution.

                        BrO₃^-(aq) + 5 Br^-(aq) + 6 H⁺(aq) -> Br₂(aq) + 3 H₂O(l)

The kinetics were studied by measuring the rate of appearacne of Br₂ (orange color in solution). Use the following data to determine the rate law (i.e. determine E_a, x, y, and z).

                                    rate = Ae^-Ea/RT [BrO₃^-]^x[Br^-]^y[H⁺]^z

            KBr                 KBrO₃             H⁺                   H₂O                 T         initial rate

            0.0020M         0.0020M         0.020M

            ---------------------------------------------------------------------

            10.0mL            10.0mL            10.0mL            70.0mL            27^oC    1.44 x 10^-12M/s

            20.0mL            10.0mL            10.0mL            60.0mL            27^oC    2.88 x 10^-12M/s

            10.0mL            20.0mL            10.0mL            60.0mL            27^oC    2.88 x 10^-12M/s

            10.0mL            10.0mL            20.0mL            60.0mL            27^oC    5.76 x 10^-12M/s

            10.0mL            10.0mL            10.0mL            70.0mL            43^oC    4.63 x 10^-12M/s

• Create Course object class (Course.java)
  • Course object should be the following attributes:
    • Course id:12345
    • Instructor id: 9876
    • Room id: 101

I have everything written out but it won't compile, any help?

public class Course
{
   private int course id;
   private int instructor id;
   private int room id;

   Course()
   {
       setCourseID (13233);
       setInsID    (001);
       setRoomID    (101);
   }

   Course(int courseID, int instructorID, int roomID)
   {
       setCourseID    (courseID);
       setInsID        (instructorID);
       setRoomID        (roomID);
   }

   public int getCourseID()
   {
       return courseID;
}

public int getInsID()
   {
       return instructorID;
}

public int getRoomID()
   {
       return roomID;
}

{
       System.out.println("Course ID : " + getCourseID());
       System.out.println("Instructor ID : " + getInsID());
       System.out.println("Room ID : " + getRoomID());
   }
}

Match each term below with its definition:

When a turntable rotating at 16 rev/min is shut off, it comes to rest in 26 s. Assume constant angular acceleration.

(a) Find the angular acceleration.
rad/s²

(b) Find the average angular velocity of the turntable.
rad/s

(c) Find the number of revolutions it makes before stopping.
rev

Water Closet Co. wholesales bathroom fixtures. During the current year ending December 31, Water Closet received the following notes:

What are blended inheritance theory and one parent inheritance theory state? How were these theories disproved by mendel? explain

Write a C++ program to perform various calculations related to the fuel economy of a vehicle where the fuel economy is modeling using a polynomial of the form y = Ax² + Bx + C, where

y = fuel economy in miles per gallon (mpg)

x = speed in miles per hour (mph)

In particular:

Inputs: The user should be prompted to input the following information.

The values for coefficients A, B, and C used to model the fuel efficiency

The capacity of the fuel tank (in gallons).

The current amount of fuel in the tank (in gallons).

The current speed of the vehicle (in mpg)

The distance to be travelled on the current trip (in miles)

The cost per gallon for gasoline

The minimum speed, Smin, to be used in the table of Fuel Economy vs Speed

The maximum speed, Smax, to be used in the table of Fuel Economy vs Speed

The speed increment, Sinc, to be used in the table of Fuel Economy vs Speed

Functions: The program should use at least 4 user-defined functions (in addition to main) as described below.

MPG(A, B, C, Speed) – This function returns the fuel economy in mpg for a given speed in mph.

PrintTable(Smin, Smax, Sinc A, B, C) – This function will print a table of Speed (in mpg) and Fuel Economy (in mpg).

Use the range of speeds indicated with the speed increment indicated.

This function should call the function MPG above.

Fuel economy should be calculated using the coefficients A, B, and C provided.

Include a table heading with units.

Display speeds as integers and fuel economy with 2 digits after the decimal point (include trailing zeros).

MaxEconomy(Smin, Smax, Sinc A, B, C, MaxMPG, MaxMPH) – This function will return the maximum mpg and the corresponding speed value using the speed range and increment specified. This function should call the function MPG above.

Use at least one more useful (user-defined) function to calculate one or more of the program outputs.

Outputs: The program output should include the following:

Neatly summarize the input values

A table of Speed and Fuel Economy values (created by the PrintTable function above).

The maximum fuel economy (in mpg) and the corresponding speed (determined by the MaxEconomy function above).

The fuel economy (in mpg) at the current speed

The minimum fuel economy (in mph) and the corresponding speed. Note: This does not always occur at the minimum speed.

For the current speed, trip distance, number of gallons currently in the tank, and cost per gallon for fuel (show the value of each), display the following:

The fuel economy (in mpg)

Speed for the trip (in mph)

The fuel cost for the trip.

The number of gallons that will be used for the trip.

The time to reach the destination.

State how many times you will need to stop for gas. Assume that the tank must be filled when it is 10% full.

State the number of gallons of gas will be left in the tank at the end of the trip.

State the number of miles until the next time the tank must be filled (after the trip).

Repeat the above if you drive at the speed for maximum fuel economy. Also state how many gallons of gas were saved and how much money was saved by driving at the speed for maximum fuel efficiency.

Use a suitable number of digits for all numeric outputs and include units when appropriate.

Error Checks: The program should check for appropriate ranges for inputs and allow the user to re-enter any incorrect inputs, including:

Fuel tank capacity: 0 to 20 gallons

Current amount of fuel in tank: 20% - 100% of fuel tank capacity

Current speed of vehicle: 20 to 80 mph

Distance to be travelled: Must be > 0

Cost per gasoline: Must be > 0

Minimum speed for table (Smin): Integer value where 20 < Smin < 50

Maximum speed for table (Smax): Integer value where (Smin + 10) < Smax < 80

Speed increment for table (Sinc): Integer value where 0 < Sinc < (Smax – Smin)/5

Re-running the Program: Include a loop that will give the user the option of re-running the program.

Question 1

The GCD is the greatest common denominator. Euclid found that if A=Bx +R then GCD(A,B)=GCD(A,R). Prove this is true. Show working

Question 2

The approach Euclid in calculating the GCD used was novel as it was an ________process to solve a complex problem, hence formed the first _______.

Question 3

The difference between a breadth first search (BFS) and a depth first search (DFS) is that in the DFS you traverse all the first branch before proceeding to the next branch.

a) True

b) False

1. Question 4 If a Graph is defined as a diagram showing the relation between variable quantities, typically of two variables, each measured along one of a pair of axes at right angles, OR a diagram representing a system of connections or interrelations among two or more things by a number of distinctive dots, lines, bars, etc, which is correct?

   1. The first definition as graphs need axes

   2. The second definition as more general so covers all graphs

   3. Neither as they are too vague

Question 5

Find a c such that f(n) is O(n2) when f(n) = 1/4 n2 + 15 n + 115. Justify this answer.

Question 6

If f(n)= 10* log n then Big-O of f(n) is O(n)

a) True

b) False

Suppose we are given an arbitrary digraph G = (V, E) that may or may not be a DAG. Modify the topological ordering algorithm so that given an input G, it outputs one of the two things:

a. A topological ordering thus establishing that G is a DAG.

b. A cycle in G thus establishing that it is not a DAG.

The runtime of your algorithm should be O(m+n) where m = |E| and n = |V|

Which of the following statements is (are) correct?
(x) A choice by Molly to buy more muffins at $2 per muffin than at the price of $3 per muffin is an example of
the law of demand and it is illustrated as a movement along Molly’s demand curve for muffins.
(y) A choice by Albert to buy more Tony’s pizza because of a recent increase in the price of Polly’s pizza is
illustrated as a shift to the right of Albert’s demand curve for Tony’s pizza and reflects an increase in
demand for Tony’s pizza.
(z) If George has a change in behavior and is now willing to buy less apple pie at every price, then his
demand curve for apple pie will shift to the left.
A. (x), (y) and (z)
B. (x) and (y) only
C. (x) and (z) only
D. (y) and (z) only
E. (y) only

Which of the following statements is (are) correct?
(x) Assume pizza and soda are complements. If the price of pizza decreases, then both the demand for soda
will increase and the demand curve for pizza will shift to the right.
(y) Assume Lipton green tea and Arizona green tea are close substitutes. If the price of Lipton tea decreases,
then the quantity demanded of Lipton tea will increase and the demand for Arizona tea will decrease.
(z) Assume Hershey chocolate bars and Mars chocolate bars are substitutes. If the price of Hershey chocolate
bars decreases, then the demand curve for Mars chocolate bars will shift to the left.
A. (x), (y) and (z)
B. (x) and (y) only
C. (x) and (z) only
D. (y) and (z) only
E. (y) only

Which of the following is NOT a determinant of demand?
A. the expected price of the good next month
B. the price of a resource that is used to produce the good
C. the price of a complementary good
D. the price of a substitute good
E. A and B, only

R PROGRAMMING QUESTION

- Below I have code. For each double hashtag (##) can you comment on the code below it (Describe what is happening in the code below it next to each ##)

- Run the code and compare the confidence intervals

- I have to submit the confidence intervals, comments, and the code with the ## filled out

Leaps.then.press.plot.2<-function(xmat0,yvec,xpred,ncheck=20)

{

#

#input quadratic matrix with less than 30 columns eg. the result of x.auto2a<-matrix.2ndorder.make(xmat[,-7],F)

#also, no need for plotting, just pull out best, xpred is one of the row vectors from x.auto2a, but all terms with weight are divided by 2

#

   ##

   leaps.str<-leaps(xmat,yvec)

   ##

   z1<-leaps.str$Cp-leaps.str$size

   ##

   o1<-order(z1)

   matwhich<-(leaps.str$which[o1,])[1:ncheck,]

   MPSEvec<-NULL

   ##

   for(i in 1:ncheck){

       ls.str0<-regpluspress(xmat[,matwhich[i,]],yvec)

       ##

       parvec<-matwhich[i,]

       npar<-sum(parvec)

       ## (WHY npar+1)

       MPSE<-ls.str0$press/(length(yvec)-(npar+1))

       MPSEvec<-c(MPSEvec,MPSE)

   }

   ##

   I1<-(MPSEvec==min(MPSEvec))

   ##

   i<-c(1:ncheck)[I1]

   ##

   xmat.out<-xmat[,matwhich[i,]]

   ##

   xpred.out<-xpred[matwhich[i,]]

   ##

   list(xmatout=xmat.out,yvec=yvec,xpredout=xpred.out)

}

Bootreg<-function(xmat,yvec,xpred,nboot=10000,alpha=0.05)

{

   ##

   lstr0<-leaps.then.press.plot2(xmat,yvec,xpred)

   xmat0<-lstr0$xmat.out

   yvec0<-lstr0$yvec

   xpred0<-lsstr0$xpredout

   ##

   rprd.list<-regpred(xpred0,xmat0,yvec0)

   ypred0<-rprd.list$pred

   sdpred0<-rprd.list$sd

   df<-rprd.list$df

   ##

   bootvec<-NULL

   nobs<-length(yvec0)

   for(i in 1:nboot){

       ##

       vboot<-sample(c(1:nobs),replace=T)

       xmatb<-xmat0[vboot,]

       yvecb<-yvec0[vboot]

       ##

       lstrb<-leaps.then.press.plot2(xmatb,yvecb,xpred)

       ##

       xmatb0<-lstrb$xmat.out

       yvecb0<-lstrb$yvec

       xpredb0<-lsstrb$xpredout

       ##

       rprd.list<-regpred(xpred0,xmat0,yvec0)

       ypredb<-rprd.list$pred

       sdpredb<-rprd.list$sd

       dfb<-rprd.list$df

       ##

       bootvec<-c(bootvec,(ypredb-ypred0)/sdpredb)

}

##

lq<-quantile(bootvec,alpha/2)

uq<-quantile(bootvec,1-alpha/2)

##

LB<-ypred0-(sdpred0)*uq

UB<-ypred0-(sdpred0)*lq

##

NLB<-ypred0-(sdpred0)*qt(1-alpha/2,df0)

NUB<-ypred0+(sdpred0)*qt(1-alpha/2,df0)

list(bootstrap.confidence.interval=c(LB,UB),normal.confidence.interval=c(NLB,NUB))

}

> regpred<-

function(xpred,xmat,y){

##

ls.str<-lsfit(xmat,y)

#calculate prediction

ypred<-ls.str$coef%*%c(1,xpred)

#use ls.diag to extract covariance matrix

ycov<-ls.diag(ls.str)$cov.unscaled

#use ls.diag to extract std deviation

std.dev<-ls.diag(ls.str)$std.dev

#variance of data around line

v1<-std.dev^2

#variance of prediction

vpred<-v1*c(1,xpred)%*%ycov%*%c(1,xpred)

df=length(y)-length(diag(ycov))

list(pred=ypred,sd=sqrt(vpred),df=df)

}

On January 1, Pulse Recording Studio (PRS) had the following account balances.

The following transactions occurred during January.

1. Received $2,490 cash on 1/1 from customers on account for recording services completed in December.
2. Wrote checks on 1/2 totaling $4,380 for amounts owed on account at the end of December.
3. Purchased and received supplies on account on 1/3, at a total cost of $200.
4. Completed $3,900 of recording sessions on 1/4 that customers had paid for in advance in December.
5. Received $4,750 cash on 1/5 from customers for recording sessions started and completed in January.
6. Wrote a check on 1/6 for $4,080 for an amount owed on account.
7. Converted $1,030 of cash equivalents into cash on 1/7.
8. On 1/15, completed EFTs for $1,420 for employees’ salaries and wages for the first half of January.
9. Received $2,880 cash on 1/31 from customers for recording sessions to start in February.

Required:

1. Prepare journal entries for the January transactions. Review the 'General Ledger' and the unadjusted 'Trial Balance' Tabs to see the effect of the transactions on the account balances.
2. Prepare journal entries for items (j)–(n) from the bank reconciliation.
   j. The bank deducted $500 for an NSF check from a customer deposited on January 5.
   k. The check written January 6 has not cleared the bank, but the January 2 payment has cleared.
   l. The cash received and deposited on January 31 was not processed by the bank until February 1.
   m. The bank added $3 cash to the account for interest earned in January.
   n. The bank deducted $3 for service charges.
3. Prepare adjusting journal entries on 1/31 in 'General Journal' Tab. (these are shown as items 15-21).
   o. Depreciation for the month is $170.
   p. Salaries and wages totaling $1,900 have not yet been recorded for January 16–31.
   q. Prepaid Rent will be fully used up by March 31.
   r. Supplies on hand at January 31 were $500.
   s. Received $200 invoice for January electricity charged on account to be paid in February but is not yet recorded.
   t. Interest on the promissory note of $48 for January has not yet been recorded or paid.
   u. Income tax of $1,200 on January income has not yet been recorded or paid.
4. Review the adjusted 'Trial Balance' as of January 31.
5. Prepare an income statement for the period ended January 31 in the 'Income Statement' Tab.
6. Prepare a bank reconciliation in the 'Bank Reconciliation' Tab.
7. Prepare a classified balance sheet as of January 31 in the 'Balance Sheet' Tab.
8. Using the information from the requirements above, complete the 'Analysis' tab.

REQUIREMENTS:

1. General Journal tab - Prepare the journal entries to record the transactions that occurred from January 1-31. Review the accounts as shown in the General Ledger and Trial Balance tabs. Then prepare the necessary adjusting entries at January 31 to correctly report net income for the period.

2. General Ledger tab - Each journal entry is posted automatically to the general ledger. Use the drop-down button to view the unadjusted and adjusted balances in the General Ledger.

3. Trial Balance tab - You may view either the unadjusted and adjusted trial balance by choosing from the drop-down.

4. Income Statement tab - Use the drop-down to select the accounts properly included on the income statement. The unadjusted and adjusted balances will appear for each account based on your selection.

5. Statement of Retained Earnings tab - Prepare the bank reconcilation for the year ended January 31.

6. Balance Sheet tab - Use the drop-down to select the accounts to properly included on the balance sheet. The unadjusted and adjusted balances will appear for each account, based on your selection.

7. Analysis tab - Using the information from the requirements above, complete the 'Analysis' tab.

Discuss how x-inefficiencies arise and how they explain why the measure of the deadweight loss of a monopoly (i.e., Harberger’s) may be too low? Include a graph in your answer that shows the increase in deadweight welfare loss due to x-inefficiencies.