Question

In: Math

Scenario: Imagine you are a researcher who is interested in studying whether sleep deprivation leads to...


Scenario: Imagine you are a researcher who is interested in studying whether sleep deprivation leads to increased reaction times (i.e., being slower) when driving. You randomly select a sample of 30 licensed drivers. Fifteen participants are randomly assigned to get 5 hours of sleep for three consecutive nights. The other 15 participants are randomly assigned to get 8 hours of sleep for three consecutive nights. For the purposes of this Assignment, assume that all participants sleep exactly the required amounts. After the third night, all participants take a driving simulation test that measures their reaction times.

Use SPSS to determine if amount of sleep is related to reaction time.

1. Explain whether the researcher should use an independent-samples t-test or a related-samples t-test for this scenario. Provide a rationale for your decision.
2. Identify the independent variable and dependent variable.
3. Knowing the researcher believes that people who sleep less will have slower reaction times, state the null hypothesis and alternate hypothesis in words (not formulas).
4. Explain whether the researcher should use a one-tailed test or two-tailed test and why.
5. Identify the obtained t value for this data set using SPSS and report it in your answer document.
6. State the degrees of freedom and explain how you calculated it by hand.
7. Identify the p value using SPSS and report it in your answer document.
8. Explain whether the researcher should retain or reject the null hypothesis. Provide a rationale for your decision. Are the results statistically significant?
9. Explain what the researcher can conclude about the relationship between amount of sleep and reaction times.

Data:


Reaction times in seconds for participants with 5 hours of sleep
0.22
0.25
0.27
0.25
0.24
0.28
0.24
0.3
0.25
0.21
0.28
0.23
0.29
0.25
0.29

Reaction times in seconds for participants with 8 hours of sleep
0.21
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.23
0.3
0.29
0.23
0.21
0.21
0.27
0.29
0.23
0.25

Solutions

Expert Solution

Scenario: Imagine you are a researcher who is interested in studying whether sleep deprivation leads to increased reaction times (i.e., being slower) when driving. You randomly select a sample of 30 licensed drivers. Fifteen participants are randomly assigned to get 5 hours of sleep for three consecutive nights. The other 15 participants are randomly assigned to get 8 hours of sleep for three consecutive nights. For the purposes of this Assignment, assume that all participants sleep exactly the required amounts. After the third night, all participants take a driving simulation test that measures their reaction times.

Use SPSS to determine if amount of sleep is related to reaction time.

1.Explain whether the researcher should use an independent-samples t-test or a related-samples t-test for this scenario. Provide a rationale for your decision.

since 30 participants divided in to 2 different groups, independent-samples t-test to be used.

2. Identify the independent variable and dependent variable.
independent variable : sleep hours

dependent variable: Reaction time

3. Knowing the researcher believes that people who sleep less will have slower reaction times, state the null hypothesis and alternate hypothesis in words (not formulas).

Ho: people who sleep 5 hours and people who sleep 8 hours have the same Reaction time.

H1: people who sleep 5 hours have the less Reaction time than people who sleep 8 hours

4. Explain whether the researcher should use a one-tailed test or two-tailed test and why.

We should use a one-tailed test because alternate hypothesis have < sign.

5. Identify the obtained t value for this data set using SPSS and report it in your answer document.

obtained t value= 1.080

6. State the degrees of freedom and explain how you calculated it by hand.

degrees of freedom = n1+n2-2 =15+15-2=28

7. Identify the p value using SPSS and report it in your answer document.
P value from spss output=0.289.

8. Explain whether the researcher should retain or reject the null hypothesis. Provide a rationale for your decision. Are the results statistically significant?

Spss output p value is two sided. But out test is one sided. Therefore our required p value

= 0.289/2 = 0.1445

Since the p value 0.1445 > 0.05 level of significance, Ho is not rejected.

Results are not statistically significant.

9. Explain what the researcher can conclude about the relationship between amount of sleep and reaction times.

The researcher can conclude that there is no relationship between amount of sleep and reaction times.

SPSS OUTPUT

Group Statistics

sleep hours

N

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

Reaction time

5.00

15

.2567

.02717

.00701

8.00

15

.2447

.03335

.00861

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

F

Sig.

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean Difference

Std. Error Difference

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower

Upper

Reaction time

Equal variances assumed

1.060

.312

1.080

28

.289

.01200

.01111

-.01075

.03475

Equal variances not assumed

1.080

26.900

.290

.01200

.01111

-.01079

.03479


Related Solutions

A researcher is interested in studying the effects of sleep deprivation on testing performance. He randomly...
A researcher is interested in studying the effects of sleep deprivation on testing performance. He randomly assigns 6 students to either sleep for a normal amount of hours or not sleep at all on the night before a statistics testing Does sleep deprivation affect statistics testing performance? Please use a t-test to demonstrate the result Sleep:94 98 96 No Sleep:87 84 81
A researcher is interested in whether students randomly assigned to 1 of 3 sleep deprivation conditions...
A researcher is interested in whether students randomly assigned to 1 of 3 sleep deprivation conditions (i.e., low, medium, or high sleep deprivation) perform the same, on average, on a math exam. Assume alpha = 0.05, and there are 10 students in each condition. (SStotal= 16,071       and      SSwithin= 7,880) Please sketch and complete the following table on scratch paper to help with Questions 25-34: Source SS df MS F Between Within ------- Total ------- ------- What is the SSTotal?
A researcher is interested in the effects of sleep deprivation and caffeine intake on mood. Participants...
A researcher is interested in the effects of sleep deprivation and caffeine intake on mood. Participants were randomly assigned to a sleep condition (normal or deprived) and a caffeine condition (0 cups, 2 cups, or 4 cups). After the manipulations, mood was measured (such that higher numbers indicated better mood). The results were as follows:                    Normal Condition                                      Deprived Condition          0 cups        2 cups        4 cups                    0 cups        2 cups        4 cups             16              18              18                          0               ...
Research Scenario: A researcher is attempting to determine the effects of sex and sleep deprivation on...
Research Scenario: A researcher is attempting to determine the effects of sex and sleep deprivation on a reaction time task. Participants (5 men; 5 women) in an experiment are given a computerized search task. They search a computer screen of various characters and attempt to find a particular character on each trial. When they find the designated character, they press a button to stop a timer. Their reaction time (in ms) on each trial is recorded (note, so the lower...
1.ANova Problem Imagine that you are a research psychologist who is interested in studying the effects...
1.ANova Problem Imagine that you are a research psychologist who is interested in studying the effects of a new drug for treating moderate depression. You are interested not only in the efficacy of the new drug, but also how effective it is in conjunction with therapy. You expect that patients who are treated with the new drug and therapy together would show the lowest scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), indicating the greatest relief from their depressive symptoms, but...
Scenario A. A professor is interested in studying how sleep influences exam performance. She instructs her...
Scenario A. A professor is interested in studying how sleep influences exam performance. She instructs her students to sleep for 8 hours before exam 1, to sleep for 4 hours before exam 2, and to not sleep at all before exam 3 and then compares exam scores. 1. What is the independent variable? 2. How many levels are there for the independent variable? 3. What is the dependent variable? 4. What is the confound? Scenario B. A researcher is interested...
A researcher is interested in studying how playing video games before bed might influence sleep quality....
A researcher is interested in studying how playing video games before bed might influence sleep quality. She randomly assigns 30 teenagers to play video games right before bed for a week, and 30 teenagers to watch TV right before bed for a week, and then compares their sleep quality. What would be a type I error for this scenario? What would be a type II error for this scenario?
1. A researcher is interested in whether college students get enough sleep. She suspects that they...
1. A researcher is interested in whether college students get enough sleep. She suspects that they get less than 8 hours of sleep on average. The sample mean (x¯) for 65 students was 7.08 hours. The standard deviation of number of hours students slept is s=1.8. (a) Determine the null and alternative hypothesis for the test. What is the parameter in this study? (b) The p-value for the test is <0.0001. Using a significance level of .05, write a one...
A researcher is interested in whether college students get enough sleep. She suspects that they get...
A researcher is interested in whether college students get enough sleep. She suspects that they get less than 8 hours of sleep on average. The sample mean (x ̄) for 65 students was 7.08 hours. The standard deviation of number of hours students slept is s=1.8. (a) Determine the null and alternative hypothesis for the test. What is the parameter in this study? (b) The p-value for the test is <0.0001. Using a significance level of .05, write a one...
3) A researcher is interested in studying whether or not baseball players are more superstitious than...
3) A researcher is interested in studying whether or not baseball players are more superstitious than people in general. The population has an average score of 4.3 (SD = 1.9) on the superstitious scale. A sample of 36 baseball players scored an average of 4.7 on the superstitious scale. What does the distribution of sample means for this scenario consist of? What would we conclude and explain your decision using the distribution of sample means in your explanation.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT