Question

In: Biology

Take a deep breath. Breathe deeply-- exhale. And again. Which of the following is true? 1....

Take a deep breath. Breathe deeply-- exhale. And again. Which of the following is true?

1. Under anaerobic conditions with an LDH muscle isoform, the final electron acceptor is oxidized to regenerate NAD+ and lead to gluconeogenesis

2. Pyruvate accepts an electron from NAD+ to form lactate

3. Under aerobic conditions in muscle, the final electron acceptor lactate is reduced to regenerate NAD+ and results in lactic acid

4. The Cori Cycle assists with lactate clearance from blood and regeneration of glucose through gluconeogenesis to meet energy needs

5. When oxygen is present, aerobic respiration occurs through gluconeogenesis in the inner mitochondrial membrane

Expert Solution

:4. The Cori Cycle assists with lactate clearance from blood and regeneration of glucose through gluconeogenesis to meet energy needs

Explanation: During deep breathing, the oxygen level is increased in the body. As a result, aerobic respiration leads to the conversion of energy through aerobic respiration (glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain). However, during exhale, oxygen levels decrease; as a result, lactic acid accumulates in the muscles. But this accumulation does not result in acidosis; instead, it is beneficial for the body, as lactic acid converted to the glucose by gluconeogenesis in the liver. This explained more clearly in the Cori cycle shown below.

The explanation for wrong answers

1. Under anaerobic conditions with an LDH muscle isoform, the final electron acceptor is oxidized to regenerate NAD+ and lead to gluconeogenesis

Explanation: The reverse of the electron transport chain is not possible. Therefore NAD+ will not be formed.

2. Pyruvate accepts an electron from NAD+ to form lactate

Explanation: Pyruvate will convert to lactate by accepting an electron from NADH and not from NAD+.

3. Under aerobic conditions in muscle, the final electron acceptor lactate is reduced to regenerate NAD+ and results in lactic acid

Explanation: Under aerobic conditions, lactic acid will not produce, it will only produce in the anaerobic conditions.

5. When oxygen is present, aerobic respiration occurs through gluconeogenesis in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Explanation: In the presence of oxygen, aerobic respiration will occur through Glycolysis, Kreb cycle and Electron transport chain and not from gluconeogenesis.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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