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Enzymes can investigated / analysed at individuals blood for aiding the diagnosis of a variety of...

Enzymes can investigated / analysed at individuals blood for aiding the diagnosis of a variety of conditions. What are these clinically important enzymes that can be analysed in the blood? Give 6 examples, explain the normal and deregulated values ​​and the clinic pathologic importance of these enzymes.

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Enzymes can acts as diagnostic aids for underlying disease, the increased levels of certain enzymes depicts the presence of variety diseases including heart failure and diabetes. Thus the 6 examples of diagnostic enzymes in blood are-

1 Creatine kinase-it is an enzyme found in the heart muscle cells. It acts aa a catalyzer for converting creatine into atp.

Normal level in serum is 10-50 IU/L

Deregulated value-there is increase in serum level with 3-6 hrs and reaches its peak within 24hrs

Increased creatine levels in serum is an early clinical marker for myocardial infarction.

2 alkaline phosphatase -is found in liver, kidney, bone etc. Increased levels of ALP are diagnostic aid for hepatobiliary disease, and bone diseases.

Normal value-3-13 KA/100ml

Increased level of alp is clinical marker for hepatobiliary diseases and bone related disorders including osteoporosis osteomyelitis.

3 Alanine aminotransferase-it catalyzes the transamination of l alanine to pyruvate. It is found in heart ,liver,skelatal muscle.

It is a very specific liver indicator. It is used as a clinical marker for various liver associated diseases like chronic liver cirrhosis, necrosis of liver etc.

Normal value-0-41IU/L

4 Lactate dehyrogenase -catalyzes the reversible oxidation of pyruvate to lactate.

It is found in heart ,liver, blood cells lymph nodes etc. It is used as clinical marker for myocardial infarction, haemolysis, liver disease.

Normal level -60-200 IU/L.

High level of LDH indicates tissue damage.

5 Acid phosphatase -it is an non functional plasma enzyme. Used to liberate phosphate under acidic conditions. It is produced in liver, spleen, bone marrow, kidney etc.

Normal level -0.5-4 KA.

Increased level of acid phosphatase indicates prostate cancer as acid phosphatase is produced largely in prostate. When levels of tartarase resistant acid phosphatase increases it indicates bone diseases including osteoporosis.

6 Ceruloplasmin-found in blood.

Normal level-1-4KA

High level-level-in cancer and alzheimers disease

Low level-wilsons disease.

gladiator answered 2 years ago
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