Question

4. How has collagen been used in cosmetics and why is it not common in recent years

5. What are the alternative to collagen injections

6. How is collagen used to prepare artificial skin for burn patients

7. Write the structures of two unusual hyroxylated amino acids that are present in collagen and why are they important component of its structure

8. What is scurry and why is it caused?

Answer 1

​​​​​​4. Collagen is a protein that makes up connective tissues example in the skin.

Collagen is not used in recent years because it has the side effects like- skin redness,skin discomfort, swelling, bleeding, and bruising, infection at the injection site, skin rash with itching, scarring, lumps. Rarely it can cause wound on the face if the injection penetrates too deeply into a blood vessel.

Also, collagen changes microenvironment which releases biomechanical signals leading to the eventuality of a profusion of biological events, which eventually can cause cancer. In addition to collagen’s influence on cell, collagen also increases breast density. The connection between breast density and breast cancer risk is established.

5. Alternative to collagen injection is Juvederm and Restylane.

Hyaluronic acid fillers, such as Juvederm and restylane trigger new collagen growth by stretching fibroblasts , stimulating them to synthesise more collagen as well as by stimulating chemicals that prevent the breakdown of collagen.

6. Researchers developed a membrane called atelocollagen using collagen from pigs. Atelocollagen is thin but resistant to tearing and has less side effects. It acts like a bandage and could be used as a temporary treatment for patients with severe burns.

7. The two hydroxylated amino acids are hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, which are not present in any other protein.

Structure-

Importance-