Question

Please match each term with the appropriate definition.

1)  _____ Synapse

2)  _____ Dendrite

3)  _____ Neurotransmitter

4)  _____ Axon

5)  _____ Myelin

6)  _____ Action potential

A. The portion of the neuron that receives information from the environment

B. The portion of the neuron that conducts action potentials

C. The tiny space between the neuron sending the signal and the cell receiving the signal

D. Special chemicals used to send a signal across the synapse

E. A wave of depolarization and repolarization that travels down an axon

F. A lipid sheath that surrounds and insulates the axon

Answer 1

A. The portion of the neuron that receives information from the environment : dendrite

B. The portion of the neuron that conducts action potentials : axon

C. The tiny space between the neuron sending the signal and the cell receiving the signal : Synapse

D. Special chemicals used to send a signal across the synapse : Neurotransmitter

E. A wave of depolarization and repolarization that travels down an axon : action potential

F. A lipid sheath that surrounds and insulates the axon : myelin

The processes of the cell body are called as dendrons and the branching of the dendron are called as dendrites. These dendrites receives signal from the sensory organs and also from other neurons. The signal travels away from the cell body and towards the axon terminale, and the long process coming out from the cell body in which the signal passes is known as axon. One neuron connects with another neuron by forming synapse. Synapse is a small space formed by the joining of two neuron. When signal reaches the axon terminal, neurotransmitter known as acetylcholine are released to the space of the synapse and than the acetylcholine are attached/ received by the receptors on the dendrites of another neuron. Hence by the acetylcholine like neurotransmitter, the signal passes from one neuron to another through the synapse. Also the lipid sheaths are the myelin sheath and these myelin sheath don't allow the exchange of ions across the neuron membrane and hence the space present between two myelin sheath allows the exchange of ions through it and hence signal transmission takes place rapidly in myelinated nerve fibre as compare to the non-myelinated nerve fibre. When more Sodium ions flows towards the outward and less potassium ions moves inwards the cell membrane of the neuron, a potential difference arises across the membrane and this potential difference is called as action potential. The action potential arises at the point of stimulation and the action potential is the signal also which travels across the neurons.