In: Accounting
On January 1, 2018, Ithaca Corp. purchases Cortland Inc. bonds
that have a face value of $150,000. The Cortland bonds have a
stated interest rate of 6%. Interest is paid semiannually on June
30 and December 31, and the bonds mature in 10 years. For bonds of
similar risk and maturity, the market yield on particular dates is
as follows (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1
and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables
provided.):
January 1, 2018 | 7.0 | % |
June 30, 2018 | 8.0 | % |
December 31, 2018 | 9.0 | % |
Required:
1. Calculate the price Ithaca would have paid for
the Cortland bonds on January 1, 2018 (ignoring brokerage
fees).
2. Prepare all appropriate journal entries related
to the bond investment during 2018, assuming Ithaca accounts for
the bonds as a held-to-maturity investment. Ithaca calculates
interest revenue at the effective interest rate as of the date it
purchased the bonds.
3. Prepare all appropriate journal entries related
to the bond investment during 2018, assuming that Ithaca chose the
fair value option when the bonds were purchased, and that Ithaca
determines fair value of the bonds semiannually. Ithaca calculates
interest revenue at the effective interest rate as of the date it
purchased the bonds.
Requirement 1
Bond Fair Value at
1/1/2018:
Interest [($150,000 x 6%) / 2] x 14.21240
* = $ 63,956
Principal $150,000 x
0.50257 **
=
75,386
Present value of the
receivable
$139,342
* present value of an ordinary annuity of $1: n=20, i=3.5% (=7% ÷ 2) (from Table 4)
** present value of $1: n=20, i=3.5% (=7% ÷ 2) (from Table 2)
January 1, 2018
Investment in bonds (face
amount).....................
150,000
Discount on bond investment (difference)......
10,658
Cash (price of
bonds).......................................
139,342
Requirement 2
January 1, 2018
Investment in bonds (face
amount).....................
150,000
Discount on bond investment (difference)......
10,658
Cash (price of
bonds).......................................
139,342
June 30, 2018
Cash [(150,000 x 6%) / 2]..................................... 4,500
Discount on bond investment
(difference).........
377
Interest revenue [($150,000 – 10,658) x 7%] / 2 ...
4,877
December 31, 2018
Cash (6% / 2 x $150,000)..................................... 4,500
Discount on bond investment
(difference).........
390
Interest revenue [{$150,000 – ($10,658 – 377)} x 7%] /
2
4,890
Note: For held-to-maturity investments, there are no adjustments to fair value.
Requirement 3
January 1, 2018
Investment in bonds (face
amount).....................
150,000
Discount on bond investment (difference)......
10,658
Cash (price of
bonds).......................................
139,342
June 30, 2018
Cash ($150,000 x 6%) / 2 .................................... 4,500
Discount on bond investment
(difference).........
377
Interest revenue [($150,000 – 10,658) x 7%] / 2 ..
4,877
Bond Fair Value at June 30,
2018:
Interest [($150,000 x 6%) / 2] x 13.13394
* = $ 59,103
Principal $150,000 x 0.47464 **
=
71,196
Present value of the
receivable
$130,299
* present value of an ordinary annuity of $1: n=19, i=4% (=8% ÷ 2) (from Table 4)
** present value of $1: n=19, i=4% (=8% ÷ 2) (from Table 2)
January 1 initial cost $139,342
Increase from discount amortization 377
June 30 amortized initial cost $139,719
Comparing the amortized initial cost with the fair value of the bonds on that date provides the amount needed to adjust the investment to its fair value.
June 30 amortized initial cost $139,719
June 30 fair value 130,299
Fair value adjustment needed $ 9,420
Net unrealized
holding gains and losses—I/S ..........................
..... 9,420
Fair
value
adjustment...................................................................
9,420
December 31, 2018
Cash ($150,000 x 6%) / 2.................................... 4,500
Discount on bond investment
(difference).........
390
Interest revenue [{$150,000 – ($10,658 – 377)} x 7%] /
2
4,890
Bond Fair Value at December
31, 2018:
Interest [($150,000 x 6%) / 2] x 12.15999
* = $ 54,720
Principal $150,000 x 0.45280 **
=
67,920
Present value of the
receivable
$122,640
* present value of an ordinary annuity of $1: n=18, i=4.5% (=9% ÷ 2) (from Table 4)
** present value of $1: n=18, i=4.5% (=9% ÷ 2) (from Table 2)
June 30 amortized initial cost $139,719
Increase from discount amortization 390
Dec. 31 amortized initial cost $140,109
Comparing the amortized initial cost with the fair value of the bonds on that date provides the amount needed to adjust the investment to its fair value.
Dec. 31 amortized initial cost $140,109
Dec. 31 fair value 122,640
Fair value adjustment balance needed: debit/(credit) $ 17,469
Less: Current fair value adjustment debit/(credit) (9,420)
Change in fair value adjustment needed $ 8,049
Net unrealized
holding gains and losses—I/S ..........................
..... 8,049
Fair
value
adjustment...................................................................
8,049