As discussed in the introductory text, archaeans do NOT appear to use the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (glycolytic) pathway....

As discussed in the introductory text, archaeans do NOT appear to use the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (glycolytic) pathway. Instead, they use alternate pathways to metabolize sugars. What is the function of this pathway in organisms that do use it?

Choose the best answer

Glucose is used to synthesize two molecules of pyruvate with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 CO2.

Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH (regenerated to NAD+ to maintain redox balance in the third stage of glycolysis)

Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate, and then fermentation is always used to produce ethanol and CO2.

Glucose is use to synthesize starch or glycogen with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH (regenerated to NAD+ to maintain redox balance in the third stage of glycolysis)

Expert Solution

Ans. The net reaction of EMP pathway or glycolysis can be summarized as-

Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 P -----> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+

Correct option. B. Glycolysis yields 2 Pyruvate, 2 ATP (net gain) and 2 NADH. NADH formed during glycolysis is re-oxidized during fermentation into NAD⁺ - which is again used in 3^rd reaction of glycolysis.

Option A. Incorrect. Glycolysis does not produce CO2. CO2 is produced during TCA cycle only under aerobic conditions.

Option C. Incorrect. During glycolysis, glucose splits into 2 pyruvates simultaneously with 2 ATP gain and 2 NADH formation. The resultant pyruvate may further enter lactate fermentation or ethanol formation and several other fermentation pathways. That is ethanol fermentation is NOT the sole fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions.

Option D. For the given output of 2 ATP and 2 NADH, glucose must enter glycolysis.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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