Calculate the planar densities of atoms in the following cases:

      Draw the exact atomic arrangements in each case and put down the dimensions.

      Cu             FCC                 100                  110            111                  r (Å) = 1.267

      Al              FCC                 100                  110            111                              1.432

      Au             FCC                 100                  110            111                              1.442

      Ba              BCC                100                  110            111                              2.176

      Fe              BCC                100                  110            111                              1.241

      Nb             BCC                100                  110            111                              1.426

How could electrical measurements (including equipotential lines) locate underground anomalies such as a cave, an ore body, a buried pipe, or a vein of minerals?

How are solar forcing and anthropogenic forcing related to one another, relatively, over time and where we are now?
Add one reference in your answer?

Please Show Work

1. A hydraulic motor provides torque to a load through a shaft turning at 632 rev/min. The motor has 29 gal/min of fluid going through it, and the pressure at the motor inlet is 2,191 psi. What torque (in ft-lb) is the motor providing? (Assume 100 % efficiency).

2. Fluid is flowing at a velocity of 2 ft/s in a 0.6 in. ID pipe. The pipe transitions to an ID of 3 in. What is the fluid velocity (in ft/s) in the larger pipe?

3. An automobile that weighs 8,945 N is lifted 3 m in 10 s. How much power was delivered to the car (in kW)?

4. A liquid fuel stores energy chemically. The higher heating value (HHV) of a fuel is the energy stored in a fuel per unit of mass. For gasoline, the HHV is 47,600 kJ/kg. If the density of gasoline is 0.735 kg/L, how many joules of energy are in a gallon?

A MET office employee, who is standing still, observes a storm coming towards him at 15 m/s. The thunder that he hears (the ‘observed’ frequency) is at a frequency of 140 Hz. The speed of sound is 343 m/s. i) Show that the frequency the employee hears will increase if he decides to move toward the storm at 4 m/s. ii) The employee hears a frequency of 157 Hz as he drives away from the storm. At what speed is he driving away? iii) There is a delay between the discharge of lightning in the middle of the storm and the arrival of the sound of thunder. Using physics principles, explain this delay and how one might use this information to estimate distance from the observer to the storm.

The Galvanometer

1) why would it be advantageous to measure miniscule measure levels of current?

2) what kind of measurement issues could you have using the galvanometer?

3) How could you damage your galvanometer and how to avoid?

Consider an electromagnetic harmonic plane wave, where the peak electric field amplitude is 1 N/C.
a) What is the irradiance of this plane wave?
b) Consider such a wave with a frequency in the centre of the visible band of the electromagnetic spectrum. What is the number of photons passing through an area of 1 m² in 1 second? (Assume the area the light is passing through is perpendicular to the wave’s propagation direction).
c) Now consider two additional waves - one in centre of the microwave band, and the second in the centre of the X-ray band. Repeat part b) for each of these two waves.

Two converging lenses, each of focal length 14.9 cm, are placed 39.8 cm apart, and an object is placed 29.1 cm in front of the first. How far from the first lens is the final image formed? Answer in units of cm.

What is the magnification of the system?

You are working with a group of interns at a commercial rocket company. They are testing the feasibility of launching rockets with catapults to reach the upper atmosphere, where they will release a payload of small weather balloons. You have been given the task of determining the path of a rocket under the following conditions: The catapult launches the rocket from an underground silo at 60.0° above the horizontal such that it has a speed of 100 m/s, in a direction toward the ocean, just as the tail end of the rocket arrives at ground level. At that instant, the rocket engine immediately starts a burn, which lasts for 32.0 s, during which the rocket moves along its initial line of motion with a constant acceleration of 32.0 m/s². After the burn, the fuel runs out and the rocket proceeds to move in free fall, with its tail end downward. Your supervisor has asked you to ignore air resistance and determine the maximum height of the tail end of the rocket above the ground, the total time interval during which the rocket is in the air, and where to locate a recovery team to be ready to retrieve the rocket from its landing in the ocean.

(a)

Determine the maximum height (in km) of the tail end of the rocket above the ground.

km

(b)

Determine the total time interval (in s) during which the rocket is in the air.

s

(c)

Determine where to locate a recovery team to be ready to retrieve the rocket from its landing in the ocean. (Give your answer in km downrange from the launch.)

km

After discovering an ancient buried artifact made of wood, you decide to perform a radiometric analysis to determine the age of the artifact. You know that half of the mass of wood is in the form of Carbon. You also know that about one out of every trillion (10¹²) Carbon atoms in living plant material is a Carbon-14 atom (the vast majority of Carbon atoms are Carbon-12). If you analyze a 0.21-kg sample of your wooden artifact, there would be 5.268×10¹²  Carbon-14 atoms. The decay constant for carbon-14 is 3.833×10^-12 s^(-1).

1. What was the activity (or decay rate) of the sample when the tree was first cut down?

2. When you take your sample into the laboratory you find that it has an activity (or decay rate) of 10.51 Bq. How long ago was the tree from which this wood came cut down? Assuming the artifact was made right after the tree was cut down, this result should tell you the age of the artifact. Give your answer in years (yr)

3. What will be the activity (or decay rate) of this sample 3500 years in the future?

4. Each π+ particle in a beam has a momentum of 800 MeV/c. How far will the beam travel before approximately 10% of the π+ are left? The π+ rest energy and half-life (at rest) are 140 MeV and 18 nsec, respectively.

A solid sphere of mass 0.750 kg and radius 5.00 cm is spun up to an angular velocity 10.0 rad/s. The sphere is dropped from a low height onto a flat platform of mass 5.00 kg. The sphere begins to skid and move along the platform until it rolls without slipping. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the sphere and the platform is 0.70. The coefficient of friction between the platform and the ground is 0.05, and the platform begins to slide across the ground. Find an expression for the horizontal position of the center of mass of the sphere as a function of time (hint—it’s piecewise!), and note the times at which the sphere’s motion changes.

Explain how light is produced in the fluorescent light tube about your head using the quantum theory model.

TYY!!!

Suppose the biceps were surgically reattached three centimeters farther toward the person's hand. If the same bowling ball were again held in the person's hand, how would the force required for the biceps be affected? Explain? (Select all that apply.) It would require less force because of the larger distance between the elbow and the location where the force from the biceps acts. It would require more force because the force is less nearly perpendicular to the moment arm. It would require more force because of the larger distance between the elbow and the location where the force from the biceps acts. It would require more force because the force acts closer to the heavy bowling ball. It would require less force because the torque for each newton of force from the biceps is greater. PRACTICE IT Use the worked example above to help you solve this problem. A W = 52.8 N (11.9 lb) weight is held in a person's hand with the forearm horizontal, as shown in the figure. The biceps muscle is attached d = 0.03039 m from the joint, and the weight is l = 0.353 m from the joint. Find the upward force vector F exerted by the biceps on the forearm (the ulna) and the downward force vector R exerted by the humerus on the forearm, acting at the joint. Neglect the weight of the forearm. F = N R = N EXERCISE HINTS: GETTING STARTED | I'M STUCK! Use the values from PRACTICE IT to help you work this exercise. Suppose you wanted to limit the force acting on your joint to a maximum value of 8.13 102 N. (a) Under these circumstances, what maximum weight would you attempt to lift? N (b) What force would your biceps apply while lifting this weight? N