2. Using the Michelson-Morley experiment as an example, explain why classical mechanics was unable to explain natural phenomena.

3. Using at least one of Einstein's "thought-experiments", explain how special relativity addresses how it is possible for observers in two different inertial reference frames to “disagree” about time and distance intervals.

In preparation for this problem, review Conceptual Example 7. A space traveler whose mass is 101 kg leaves earth. What are his (a) weight and (b) mass on earth and (c) weight and (d) mass in interplanetary space where there are no nearby planetary objects?

Include written explanation and picture diagram.

Communication satellites are often placed in geosynchronous orbits, which means that the satellite always appears in the same location relative to a receiver on the ground. This requires among other things that the rotational speed at which the satellite orbits the planet is the same as the rotational speed at which the planet spins on its axis. Consider a planet with mass = 4.32 × 1024 kg and radius = 5.43 × 106 m and rotational period 25.0 hours.

A uniform plastic block floats in water with 40.0 % of its volume above the surface of the water. The block is placed in a second liquid and floats with 20.0 % of its volume above the surface of the liquid.

What is the density of the second liquid?

In a fixed source/detector spectro-fluorometer, what can be done to increase the sensitivity of the optical emission signal?

A 0.454-kg block is attached to a horizontal spring that is at its equilibrium length, and whose force constant is 25.0 N/m. The block rests on a frictionless surface. A 5.80×10−2-kg wad of putty is thrown horizontally at the block, hitting it with a speed of 8.96 m/s and sticking. How far does the putty-block system compress the spring?

You are give a system about which two things are known: the relation between pressure,

volume and temperature, and the heat capacity at constant volume (α is a constant) PV^3=αT; CV =A(V)T

Please
(a) Find the derivative of entropy with respect to volume at fixed T

(b) Show that the coefficient A(V ) in the specific heat is independent of V

(c) Find S(T,V) in terms of the (assumed known) value S0 of the entropy at a given temperature and volume T0, V0, S0 = S(T0, V0).

(d) Find the heat capacity at constant pressure

Consider a case in which we have an Einstein solid that is neither at high or low temperature. In this case, we cannot use either the N>>q or q>>N approximation. In this case both N and q are >> 1. Derive an expression for the chemical potential then discuss how this more general result differs from and/or could correlate to the low and high temperature cases.

Thermodynamics

Choices: True or False.

If velocity is zero then acceleration must be zero too.

If speed is constant then acceleration is zero.

If velocity is constant then speed must be constant too.

If speed changes then velocity must change too.

Object slows down if it's acceleration is negative.

If speed is constant then velocity must be constant too.

A spring with force constant k = 175 N/m is attached to the ground. On top of the spring a 1.30 kg metal pan is attached. The combination could be used as a scale, but we are going to do something more interesting. We place a metal ball with mass 0.250 kg on the tray and then the tray is pushed down 0.150 m below its equilibrium point and released from rest (take this as t = 0).

a) At what time does the ball lose contact with the metal pan? Carefully consider direction and remember that ω is in rad/s.

b) How high above the equilibrium point is the pan at this time?

c) How fast is the ball moving at the time it loses contact with the pan?

A small block with mass 0.0550 kg slides in a vertical circle of radius 0.0740 m on the inside of a circular track. There is no friction between the track and the block. At the bottom of the block's path, the normal force the track exerts on the block has magnitude 3.40 N Part A What is the magnitude of the normal force that the track exerts on the block when it is at the top of its path?

Related to Astrophysics

Explain what is the Gamow peak

Explain why a fast neutron (1-10MeV) has a much higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) than a positron that results from a beta decay.

4) A nucleus of radioactive radium (226Ra), initially at rest, decays into a radon nucleus (222Rn) and an alpha-particle (a 4He nucleus). If the kinetic energy of the alpha-particle is 6.72 × 10^ -13 J, what is (a) the recoil speed of the radon nucleus, and (b) its kinetic energy? The superscripts indicate, roughly, the mass of each nucleus in unified mass units (u), where 1 u = 1.66 × 10^ -27 kg.