How does the Higgs mechanism causes the weak bosons to be massive?

What is Local Gauge Invariance and why is it a cornerstone of the Standard Model?

How SU (4) representation is calculated in Young's Tableaux?

Consider a mass-spring system undergoing SHM. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the velocity of the mass as a function of time?

a)The velocity varies sinusoidally with time

b) the velocity is constant, it does not depend on time

c) the velocity varies linearly with time Consider a mass-spring system undergoing SHM.

Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the dependence of the period of the motion on the amplitude of the motion?

a) the period does not depend on the amplitude

b) if the amplitude is doubled, the period is doubled.

c) if the amplitude is doubled, the period is one-half of the original period

1- In your opinion, what is one of the motivations of learning Quantum Computing?
Name one problem in which Quantum Computation excels (compared to classical computation)?

Derive expressions for the surface current density and surface charge density, for the TE10 and TE11 modes of a rectangular waveguide.

The old answers on Chegg are either wrong or incomplete, please dont copy them.

Explain the concepts of “luminosity distance” and “proper distance”, and how they are different. How does the observed bolometric flux, f, from a distant source with luminosity, L, depend on redshift, z? What factor(s) cause(s) this redshift dependence? Describe the properties of a universe where the luminosity distance would be identical to the proper distance.

Discuss the “Great Debate” that took place between Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis in 1920. (a) What were the major arguments on each side of the question of whether the spiral nebulae were Galactic (in the Milky Way) or extragalactic (outside the Milky Way)? (b) Briefly outline how Shapley estimated the size of the Milky Way.

use python to graph the projectile motion of an object under quadratic drag

please give me a detailed information of Electron Diffraction and SAED ( selected area electron diffraction) technique with the help of examples? Why we use SAED technique?
Details required for both are as follows:
-Definition
- difference between SAED and electron diffraction
-instrumentation
-purpose with elaborated examples
-advantages
-limitations
-applications
Thanks in advance.

a) Consider three common types of phonon spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Brillouin spectroscopy and inelastic neutron scattering. Describe the differences between the three techniques in terms of the following variables and comment briefly on the limitations of each technique as a consequence of these differences.

i) The phonon wavevector range probed by each technique.

ii) The range of energy transfers to be probed by each technique.

iii) The momentum (wavenumber) resolution of each technique.

Describe the reason, why or why not the emittance is different in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane