Achondroplasia is a dominant trait that causes a characteristic form of dwarfism. In a survey of 50000 births, five infants with achondroplasia were identified. Two of the affected infants had affected parents, while three had normal parents.

Part A

Calculate the mutation rate for achondroplasia and express the rate as the number of mutant genes per given number of gametes.

Express your answer using two significant figures.

μ =

A 0.78-kg block and a 0.56-kg block sits on a rotating disk. They are connecting by a 12-cm long string. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the block and disk are µs = 0.87 and µk = 0.63, respectively. The cart is on wheels and moves frictionless. The distances of the block and the cart from the center of disk are 0.23 m and 0.35 m, respectively. The block and cart are sitting (i.e., are not moving) relative to the disk. a) The disk rotates at 33 rpm. Find the acceleration of the block and the cart. b) Draw the appropriate free-body diagrams! 4 c) Write down Newton’s second law for the block and the cart! d) Find magnitudes of all forces acting both on the block and the cart! Are these forces consistent with the fact that the block and cart are sitting (i.e., are not moving) relative to the disk?

13) There are several types of drag on a car other than air resistance. Effects having to do with the squeezing of the tires (rolling resistance) and frictional forces in the drivetrain (the system that transfers energy from the engine to the rotation of the wheels) also must be taken into account. Engineers use the following equation to model the total force due to these different effects Fdrag=A+Bv+Cv2Fdrag=A+Bv+Cv2 For a Camry, these coefficients are estimated to be A=117.130A=117.130 N, B=1.800 N s/mB=1.800 N s/m, and C=0.368 N s2/m2C=0.368 N s2/m2. Suppose that the driver steadily accelerates the car from 0 km/hr to 100 km/hr over a 3.4 s. What is the magnitude of the work done by the drag forces? Hint: What is the instantaneous power of the drag? What is the relationship between that and the total work done by drag forces? Which kinematic model can you use to relate velocity, time, and acceleration? a) How much energy is lost to drag when the car travels 35 km at 31 m/s? Answer: b) The car drives a distance 110 m up a section of road whose grade is 20% (the grade is the vertical rise of the road as a percent of the horizontal run of the road). The car's speed is 31 m/s. The car has a mass of 1543.60 kg. What is the minimum amount of power needed for the car to drive up this section of road, assuming perfect efficiency? I already have the first part don I just dont know how to do the last two parts of this one question

Write down a generic molecular Hamiltonian (or, if you want a concrete example, the one for H2). Then using words and equations, show precisely what steps and approximations are made to ultimately come up with the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian for vibration and the rigid rotator Hamiltonian for rotation of the molecule.

what is the HR path a 9-10 solar mass star takes when it dies

A road heading due east passes over a small hill. You drive a car of mass mat constant speed over the top of the hill, where the shape of the roadway is well approximated as an arc of a circle with radius R. Sensors have been placed on the road surface there to measure the downward force that cars exert on the surface at various speeds. The table gives values of this force versus speed for your car is shown in the table below. Treat the car as a particle.

Select a way to represent the data from figure as a straight line. You might need to raise the speed, the force, or both to some power.

Select a way to represent the data from figure as a straight line. You might need to raise the speed, the force, or both to some power.

Read: A block, with mass 1.17 kg sitting on an incline plane at 5.20° with a friction coefficient, ??=0.450, is attached to another freely hanging block that weighs 2.01 kg. A pulley with mass, .423 kg, is between them with a radius of .0810m.

Task: Calculate the translational acceleration of the system.

List: Givens, Principle of Physics used, and Solve

Please briefly answer all the questions below, and writing those clearer and tidier (It is best to use typing)

This is a problem related to the nanoscale manipulation.

1. Please compare various manipulation methods, STM, AFM, optical tweezer, and magnetic tweezer in terms of force magnitude.
2. Describe the physical principle of the optical tweezer for trapping an atom.
3. Try to think and write down the possible difficulties and challenges you will face when you perform the manipulation on a single nanostructure.

Please briefly answer all the questions below, and writing those clearer and tidier (It is best to use typing)

This is a problem related to the scanning tunneling microscopy (TEM).

1. Please describe how the constant-current and constant-height modes work in obtaining a scanning tunneling microscopic image.
2. What does the STM image contrast represent at the sample bias goes form the negative to the positive?
3. Please explain why scanning tunneling microscopy can achieve atomic resolution on the surface of a conducting substrate.

Please briefly answer all the questions below, and writing those clearer and tidier (It is best to use typing)

This is a problem related to the transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

1. What is the difference between the field-emission and thermionic source TEMs?
2. What is the purpose of the Wehnelt in a thermionic source? Why don’t we need one in a field emission gun(FEG)?
3. Define ‘underfocused’ and ‘overfocused’ in the TEM?
4. What causes spherical aberration and chromatic aberration?

6b2. Discuss two laser characteristics that are important for evaluating use in materials processing (laser cleaning, cutting, or welding).

For the following questions please use more detail than the band theory explanation.

1a) What atomic energy levels combine to form the valence band?? Please specify the specific energy levels; a diagram will help!

1b) What atomic energy level combine to form the conduction band?? Please specify the specific energy levels and a diagram!!

1c) If there is a relatively low concentration of an ionic impurity in an insulator how does its electronic structure appear in the band structure of the insulator (please include a diagram in your answer).

Answer each of the following questions in one paragraph. If you want/need, you can supplement your written explanation with diagrams or equations.

2. Using the Michelson-Morley experiment as an example, explain why classical mechanics was unable to explain natural phenomena.

1. Describe the early history of the Sun. What did it start as? What lead to it becoming a smallish main sequence star? 2. Describe the future of the Sun. Roughly how long will it take for the Sun to leave the main sequence? What will happen when it leaves the main sequence? Will the Sun go supernova? 3. The remnants of stars 25 to 40 times more massive than the Sun may have such a strong _______ pull that their escape speeds exceed the speed of _______ , resulting in a _______. 4. The ________________ of a star (determined after observing the star 6 months apart) can be used to determine the distance to a star, but it is only effective for the closest stars to us. 5. what process is energy produced in the core of the Sun (and other stars as well)? Be as specific as possible.

5b. Describe the basic physics aspects of photoemission and its application in a vacuum photodiode.