Researchers have long suspected that texting has a detrimental effect on driving behavior. To avoid unnecessary...

Researchers have long suspected that texting has a detrimental effect on driving behavior. To avoid unnecessary high risk of driving on the roads, driving behavior is measured via driving simulator and the number of mistakes is recorded while texting and not texting as the person is driving the simulator. Mistakes such as failing to stay within the lane, driving at least 10 miles below or above the speed limit, and failing to use the turn signal are automatically recorded. To avoid individual differences in driving behavior, participants are tested twice: once under the “texting while driving” condition and once under the “driving without texting” condition. There are nine participants in the study. Their driving mistakes are reported in the table below.

Question: Do the data support the claim that texting has a detrimental (negative) effect on driving behavior, using an α = 0.05?

For this question, you must follow the steps of hypothesis testing and complete all your calculations by hand. Remember to show your calculations and provide your conclusions in sentence format.

Once you finish this part of the assignment, you can scan or take a photo of your work and paste the scan/photo in your Word document.

Table 1.

Number of mistakes by study participants while using the driving simulator

Participant	Texting	Not texting
A	35	21
B	48	30
C	25	10
D	33	10
E	30	11
F	46	22
G	37	16
H	33	10
I	37	23

Solutions

Expert Solution

Given that,
mean(x)=36
standard deviation , s.d1=7.2629
number(n1)=9
y(mean)=17
standard deviation, s.d2 =7.3314
number(n2)=9
null, Ho: u1 = u2
alternate, H1: u1 != u2
level of significance, α = 0.05
from standard normal table, two tailed t α/2 =2.306
since our test is two-tailed
reject Ho, if to < -2.306 OR if to > 2.306
we use test statistic (t) = (x-y)/sqrt(s.d1^2/n1)+(s.d2^2/n2)
to =36-17/sqrt((52.74972/9)+(53.74943/9))
to =5.5233
| to | =5.5233
critical value
the value of |t α| with min (n1-1, n2-1) i.e 8 d.f is 2.306
we got |to| = 5.52334 & | t α | = 2.306
make decision
hence value of | to | > | t α| and here we reject Ho
p-value: two tailed ( double the one tail ) - Ha : ( p != 5.5233 ) = 0.001
hence value of p0.05 > 0.001,here we reject Ho
ANSWERS
---------------
null, Ho: u1 = u2
alternate, H1: u1 != u2
test statistic: 5.5233
critical value: -2.306 , 2.306
decision: reject Ho
p-value: 0.001
we have enough evidence to support the claim that texting has a detrimental (negative) effect on driving behavior.

orchestra answered 1 year ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

1. Researchers have long suspected that texting has a detrimental effect on driving behavior. To avoid...

1. Researchers have long suspected that texting has a detrimental effect on driving behavior. To avoid unnecessary high risk of driving on the roads, driving behavior is measured via driving simulator and the number of mistakes is recorded while texting and not texting as the person is driving the simulator. Mistakes such as failing to stay within the lane, driving at least 10 miles below or above the speed limit, and failing to use the turn signal are automatically recorded....

a) Which DNA mutation is more likely to have a detrimental effect on the protein it...

a) Which DNA mutation is more likely to have a detrimental effect on the protein it codes for: a 2 base pair deletion from the middle of the coding sequence of a gene, or a 12-base pair deletion from the same region of the gene? Explain why? b) Would the outcome be different if the deletions happened within the gene’s intron? Explain why?

A group of researchers wanted to investigate the effect that active listening have in feeling understood....

A group of researchers wanted to investigate the effect that active listening have in feeling understood. The researchers know from prior studies (using the FUME scale: feeling of understanding scale) that the results of interaction with partners who received advice from the listener had a FUME average score 11.79 with the standard deviation of 7.47. The researchers conducted an experiment where the 37 participants were given an interaction partner and that partner engaged actively listened without given any advice. The...

Market researchers have shown that background music can influence the purchasing behavior of customers. The owner...

Market researchers have shown that background music can influence the purchasing behavior of customers. The owner of an independent bookstore wants to know if this is true for her bookstore. She recorded the amount customers spent when no music was playing, when classical music was playing and when jazz music was playing. She summarized the data as follows: Type of music None Classical Jazz Total Amount spent Less than $50 22 20 18 60 $50 or more 16 34 40...

For decades, researchers have studied the relationship between violent media and violent behavior, with some studies...

For decades, researchers have studied the relationship between violent media and violent behavior, with some studies finding a relationship, and others not. The following are data from a small study of teenagers that investigates the relationship between playing violent video games and fighting at school. Case Hours spent playing violent video games per week Number of fights during school year 1 0 0 2 20 3 3 30 4 4 5 1 5 2 0 6 0 0 7 10...

Researchers have been studying the effect of diet on a certain species of rabbit. After making...

Researchers have been studying the effect of diet on a certain species of rabbit. After making a change in diet, the researchers record the weight gained by a random sample of rabbits. The data is displayed below. Weight gained (grams): 66, 54.7, 61.8, 61.7, 64.9, 60.3, 64.8, 59.1, 67.5 Checksum: 560.8 Resample the sample (bootstrap) with 1000 iterations to create a 90% confidence interval for the population mean weight gain. Result: With the new diet, the researchers can be 90%...

Developing a small driving range for golfers of all abilities has long been a desire of...

Developing a small driving range for golfers of all abilities has long been a desire of Kadio. Kadio, however, believes that the chance of a successful driving range is only about 40%. A friend of Kadio’s has suggested that he conduct a survey in the community to get a better feeling of the demand for such a facility. There is a 0.9 probability that the research will be favorable if the driving range facility will be successful. Furthermore, it is...

Developing a small driving range for golfers of all abilities has long been a desire of...

What effect does deficit borrowing have on long term growth?

Researchers studying children’s moral behavior have developed an altruism scale for 10-year-olds that reflects a child’s...

Researchers studying children’s moral behavior have developed an altruism scale for 10-year-olds that reflects a child’s general level of helpfulness. Scores on the altruism scale are normally distributed with mu = 95 and sigma= 14 (higher scores on the scale indicate a greater level of helpfulness). Dr. Thornton wants to investigate whether exposing children to a videotape that shows a lost puppy in need of help will affect how helpful they are. He selects a random sample of n = 36 10-year-olds,...

Subjects