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In: Statistics and Probability

A polygon is called convex if every line segment from one vertex to another lies entirely...

A polygon is called convex if every line segment from one vertex to another lies entirely within the polygon. To triangulate a polygon, we take some of these line segments, which don’t cross one another, and use them to divide the polygon into triangles. Prove, by strong induction for all naturals n with n ≥ 3, that every convex polygon with n sides has a trian-gulation, and that every triangulation contains exactly n − 2 triangles. (Hint: When you divide an n-gon with a single line segment, you create an i-gon and a j-gon for some naturals i and j. What does your strong inductive hypothesis tell you about triangulations of these polygons?)

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