In: Biology
How could you use antibodies to detect the presence of a specific cell type in a tissue sample? Is there a specific name for this process?
The name of this process is - IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY.
This is a technique for identifying cellular or tissue constituents ( antigen) by means of antigen antibody interactions, the site of antibody binding being identified either by direct labeling of the antibody or by use of a secondary labeling method.
The principle of this method is -
Immunohistochemistry is a method for localizing specific antigen in tissues or cells based on antigen antibody reaction.
Fluorescent dye , colloidal metal , hapten, radioactive marker is used in this method.
The associated antibodies and antigens are held together by a combination of hydrogen bonds , electrostatic interaction and van der wal's forces.
STEPS-
sample preparation>fixation> tissue sectioning> paraffin embadding > inactivation and blocking> antigen retrival> detection>counterstain.
APPLICATION- cancer detection, treatment of cancer, research purpose, different diagnosis.