Question

Dr. Schwartz wanted to examine the hypothesis that smelling peppermint affects exercise intensity, so she used random assignment in her first experiment on this topic. The peppermint group exercised in a room in which a peppermint scent was released once each minute, while the no peppermint group exercised in an unscented room. She measured the distance participants cycled in 20 minutes on indoor bicycles. After she completed that first experiment, Dr. Schwartz realized that perhaps her results in the first experiment could be attributable to the failure of random assignment to balance the weight of participants in the two groups. Thinking that this alternative explanation might explain why she got nonsignificant results in the first experiment, she decided to match participants on weight. She randomly assigned the two heaviest participants to either the peppermint or no peppermint conditions by flipping a coin, and then randomly assigned the next two heaviest participants, and so on.

Using the data shown below, conduct the appropriate statistical test in SPSS to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between how far the participants in the peppermint condition rode vs. how far participants in the no peppermint condition rode.

	Peppermint	No Peppermint
Pair 1	2.3	2.0
Pair 2	2.7	3.1
Pair 3	3.4	3.5
Pair 4	3.0	1.9

1. What is the design of this experiment?

Single sample

Between subjects

Within subjects

2. What kind of samples are being used in this experiment?

Matched samples

Dependent samples

The samples are both matched and dependent

Same sample

3. What is the M for the Peppermint group? (answer to 2 decimal places)
4. What is the M for the No Peppermint group? (answer to 2 decimal places)
5. What is the standard deviation for the Peppermint group? (answer to 2 decimal places)
6. What is the standard deviation for the No Peppermint group?(answer to 2 decimal places)
7. What is the value of t based on the SPSS output?(answer to 2 decimal places)
8. What is the p value you see in the SPSS output? (answer to 3 decimal places)
9. Write a conclusion based on the output you reported in the questions immediately above. Be sure to report the appropriate statistic in APA style.

From the following list of words and symbols, create your APA-style conclusion. Please also use any necessary numbers and punctuation (they are NOT provided in this list), and please include spaces around symbols as needed.

Do not use any words that are not in this list. Use as few words as possible to convey the necessary information. You will NOT use all the words provided.

A

Cycle

Cycled

Did

Distance

Farther

Less

Longer

More

Not

Of

Participants

Peppermint

Same

Smell

Smelled

Than

The

They

When

Who

p

M

t

( )

=   >   <   ≤ ≥

Answer 1

Using Spss

Analyze -> comapre means -> paired sample t-test

    What is the design of this experiment?

Within subjects

    What kind of samples are being used in this experiment?

Matched samples

Same sample

    What is the M for the Peppermint group? (answer to 2 decimal places)
2.85
    What is the M for the No Peppermint group? (answer to 2 decimal places)
2.63  
What is the standard deviation for the Peppermint group? (answer to 2 decimal places)
0.47
    What is the standard deviation for the No Peppermint group?(answer to 2 decimal places)
0.80
    What is the value of t based on the SPSS output?(answer to 2 decimal places)
0.69
    What is the p value you see in the SPSS output? (answer to 3 decimal places)
0.539