compare and contrast PIP2, PIP3 and IP3 and show/explain how to get each one in details

Expert Solution

Phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5) trisphosphate (PIP3) are low abundance membrane phospholipids that function in a number of crucial cellular processes. PIP2 is playing major role in endocytosis, exocytosis, microvilli formation, membrane attachment to cytoskeleton and EGFR regulation of membrane ruffling. PIP3 is playing role along with PIP2 in phagocytosis, protein kinase localization and its activation.

Inositol triphosphate (IP3) is not present in cell membrane and it is water soluble. Together with diacylglycerol (DAG), IP3 serves as a secondary messenger molecule in signal transduction and lipid signaling in biological cells

PIP2 is synthesized from phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) by PI4P 5 kinase. Upon cell stimulation, PIP2 is either converted to PIP3 via activation of PI3 kinase or is hydrolysed to release IP3, which in turn stimulates calcium release from intracellular stores. PIP3 is dephosphorylated to PIP2 by PTEN, which requires PIP2 to associate with the plasma membrane. Both PIP2 and PIP3 promotes synthesis of PIP2 in cells.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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