Question

Explain reasoning behind the answer

Par1.A-Which one of the following substances would be the most soluble in CH3OH? (a) CCl4 (b) Kr (c) HCl (d) CH3CH2OH

Part 1.B-Which one of the following substances would be the most soluble in benzene (C6H6)? (a) CH3CH2OH (b) NH3 (c) NaCl (d) CCl4

Part 1.C-Which one of the following substances would be the least soluble in water? (a) Ar (b) NH3 (c) NaCl (d) CH3Cl

Answer 1

Basic concepts used in question-

​​​​​​The basic concept behind the solubility is that the like dissolves like. It means that the polar molecule is soluble in polar molecule and non Polar molecule is soluble in non Polar molecule.

part 1.A :- Here CH3OH​​ is a polar molecule so it is soluble in polar molecule. From the given substances only CH3CH2OH and HCl are polar. But as we know that like dissolves like . As CH3OH and CH3CH2OH both are alcohols so they are most soluble among all substances.

Thus the most soluble substance in CH3OH is CH3CH2OH.

part 1.B :-​​​​​​-Here benzene is a non Polar substance so it is most soluble in non Polar substances. From the given substances only CCl4 is non Polar .

Thus the most soluble substance in benzene is CCl4.

part 1.C :- Here H2O is a polar substance so it will be soluble in polar substance and least soluble or insoluble in non Polar substances. As noble gases are non Polar so Ar is non Polar . While all other given substances in the question are polar.

Thus the least soluble substance in H2O is Ar.