Question

• 1: classify the below list as Strong acids    Weak acids Strong bases Weak bases

• HNO2

• HCl

• LiOH
• HClO4
• Ca(OH)2
• NH3
• HCN
• Na3PO4
• 2:classify as forward or reverse favored reaction

CH3COOH(a q)+H2O(l)⇌CH3COO−(aq)+H3O+(aq) H2SO4(l)+H2O(l)⇌H3O+(aq)+HSO4−(aq) HCN(l)+H2O(l)⇌CN−(aq)+H3O+(aq) HCl(l)+OH−(aq)⇌H2O(l)+Cl−(aq)

Answer 1

List of Strong acids are

HCl,HClO4

List of weak acids are

HNO2, HCN

List of Strong bases are

Ca(OH)2, LiOH,

List of weak bases are

NH3,Na3PO4

Strong bronsted acid are those which are completely ionise in water to produce H+ ion .

Almost all molecules are ionise to conjugate base and H3O+ ions. Their ionisation are irreversible reaction.

Weak acid are those which are not completely ionise in water to produce H+ ions and conjugate base. Thier ionisation mostly are reversible and mostly shifted towards backward direction at equilibrium.Their degree of ionisation always less than one.All organic acids are weak acids.

Similarly strong bases are those which are completely ionise in water to produce OH- .

Mostly hydroxides of of electropositive alkali and alkaline earth metals are Strong bases.Their ionisation are irreversible and degree of ionisation is one.

Weak bases are those which are not completely ionise in water to produce hydroxide ions . Their ionisation is reversible and degree ionisation is less than one. Their ionisation reaction attain equilibrium which is mostly shifted towards backward direction. All organic bases are mostly weak bases.

2) CH3COOH + H2O =CH3COO-. + H3O+

Is reversed favored because CH3COOH is weak acid.H2SO4 +H2O = HSO4- + H3O+ is forward favored because it is strong acid.

HCN +H2O = CN- + H3O+ is reversed favored because HCN is weak acid.

HCl + OH- = H2O + Cl- is forward favored because HCl is strong acid.