1. You use an ice bath when adding nitric acid to sulfuric acid.
Why?
2. You use an ice bath when adding sulfuric acid to methyl
benzoate. Why?
Exothermic is NOT the correct answer for 1 or
2.
What role does the sulfuric acid play in the formation of the
nitronium ion? Since nitric acid itself is an acid, then why should
a second acid (the sulfuric acid) be added?
EAS//Nitration of bromobenzene
Brief summary of procedure.
- Mix sulfuric acid +nitric acid, then cool in water bath. Add
stir bar, condenser and reflux for 10 minutes while slowly adding
bromobenzene. Don't exceed 55 degrees celcius
- Heat mixture for 15 minutes below 60 degrees celcius.
Cooldown, then pour into 40 mL of cold h2o
- vacuum filtration to isolate crude bromonitrobenzene
- recrystallize with 95% ethanol (cool to room temp, then to 0
degrees celcius on ice)
- isolate...
when compounds are nitrated, typicallya mixture of concentrated
nitric and sulfuric acids are required. howerever, when phenol
undergoes nitration only dilute nitric acid is required. why is
this?
You are given 2.00 g of a mixture of phenol, aniline, phthalic
acid and methyl benzoate. Describe, how you would use an acid-base
extraction technique to separate all three compounds by drawing the
flowchart. Propose another way of extraction, where different order
of extraction is used (e.g., adding the acid first instead of a
base)
If
you are separating fatty acid methyl esters, what would expect to
be the order of elution? (i.e., which would elute from the column
first, second, third, etc.?). Explain your reasoning.
a. Butyric acid methyl ester
b. Palmitic acid methyl ester
c. Stearic acid methyl ester
d. Oleic acid methyl ester
The dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol in sulfuric acid produces
2 elimination products. However, this same reaction can also
undergo substitution. What is the product of the substitution
reaction?