Question

Diseases due to lack of gangliosides are..

Malfunctioning of some channels leads to diseases. Give some specific examples. And mechanism.

Multi-drug resistant : why does it occur?

http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ReceptorFamiliesForward?type=IC

The blood-brain barrier. How does it work/

Many Psychoactive Drugs Act at Synapses : what are their targets

Gunter Blobel : some of his major findings were……

Answer 1

Answer. Lack of ganglioside causes neurodegenerative disease. Such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease etc

malfunction of ion channel causes disease such as Cystic fibrosis disease. That is caused by malfunction of chloride channel. Cystic fibrosis is a inheritable disease. In this respiratory system are heavily effected. This disease occurs by mutation in CFTR gene. Mutation in CFTR gene causes chloride ion improper function which causes a thick mucus and sticky.

Multi drug resistant means when a bacteria become tolerant to several antibiotics that kill the bacteria. It occurs because when a bacteria is administered with antibiotics it will die eventually but after a long time it may taken up some gene which can degrade the antibiotics and bacteria survive. It is best understood in health care system or hospital where many bacteria are multi drug resistant organism, which are get habituated to a high dose of antibiotics.

Blood brain barrier are the highly semipermeable membrane which only allows essential elements and substances like minerals glucose lipids water and amino acids. There are endothelial cell which are selective. Astrocytes are main cell that creates a blood brain barrier.

Psychoactive drugs acts at synapses and their target are neurotransmitter receptors.

Gunter Blobel's major finding for that he got Nobel prize is that protein have some intrinsic signal which guide them for transportation and localization in cell.