Question

In: Biology

This Question refers to the the following Urinalysis Results Chart. Sample A tests positive for high...

This Question refers to the the following Urinalysis Results Chart.

Sample A tests positive for high levels of protein.  When a urine sample tests positive for protein, kidney damage could be to blame.  High levels of urinary protein can be found in the disease of either hypertension or diabetes, because both can cause kidney damage. However, other results can be used to distinguish between these diseases.

Based on the findings listed in Sample A below, conclude whether this patient suffers from hypertension, or suffers from diabetes.  Write your answer in the space below.

  SAMPLE
CHARACTERISTIC Sample A Sample B Sample C Sample D Sample E
Color light yellow tinged red cloudy cloudy dark amber
Odor sweet pungent foul/fishy none none
Leukocytes present? none none some some none
Ketones present? yes none none none none
pH slightly acidic normal slightly alkaline slightly alkaline   normal
Glucose present? yes - high none none none none
Protein present? yes - high none none yes - high none

Solutions

Expert Solution

On observing the urine characteristics of sample A, the fist point is colour. As the colour is slight yellow that is supposed to be the normal case. Colour usually varies according to the diet and urine concentration. More concentrated urine causes a darker colour while drinking more water reduces the concentration giving it a lighter colour.

Next we come to odour. The urine sampel has a sweet odour which is not supposed to be the usual case. The reason behind such sweet odour can be due to the presence of ketones / and glucose both of which are peresent in this urine sample that we are talking about. These molecules are usually not present in the chemical composition of any normal average person.

The presence of ketones, glucose in high concentration and the sweet smeel of urine indicate that the person corresponding to sample A is suffering from diabetes (diabetes mellitus). In this type of diabetes, blood has an excess amount of sugars and glucose. this amount is beyond the capacity of reabsorption of such molecules by the kidneys hence the excess is excreted out being unable to be reabsorbed and thats why the urine smeels sweet. Also such a prolonged condition damages the kidneys which also rsults in high proteins to be excreted out too


Related Solutions

The chart below shows the results of a sample of 10 workers from a large company....
The chart below shows the results of a sample of 10 workers from a large company. Employee Years of Experience Income (In thousands of dollars) 1 0 20 2 5 30 3 5 40 4 10 30 5 10 50 6 15 50 7 20 60 8 25 50 9 30 70 10 35 60 What is the equation of the line of best fit? ( Options: y= 1.16+28x, y=28+1.16x, y=1.16-28x, y+28-1.16x) What can we expect an employee to make...
The false positive rate for polygraph tests is thought to be unacceptably high. You have been...
The false positive rate for polygraph tests is thought to be unacceptably high. You have been offered a job by a firm who wants you to take a polygraph test. You are aware of the flaws inherent in polygraph testing and don't want to do it. Answer the following questions with regard to a polygraph test, which could be considered a diagnostic test for lying. a) What are the null and alternative hypotheses for this situation? b) What is the...
Description of biochemical tests for gram positive cocci chart micrococcus luteus micrococcus roseus staphlyococcus aureus staphlyococcus...
Description of biochemical tests for gram positive cocci chart micrococcus luteus micrococcus roseus staphlyococcus aureus staphlyococcus epidermidis streptococcus faecalis streptococcus thermophilus streptococcus pneumoniae
Define these functional group tests, What does the test do and what do positive results look...
Define these functional group tests, What does the test do and what do positive results look like? ex) Lucas test- differentiates primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. This cannot be used on large alcohols. ex) Bromine test- Tests for the presence of multiple bonds If added to an alkene or alkyne the brown color will disappear If added to an alkane it will remain brown Periodic acid- Tollens test- 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine- Sodium bisulfite addition- Iodoform test- hinsberg test- Sodium hydroxide- Hydroxamate test-...
If a sample of 10% solution of an unknown carboyhydrate yielded positive results for Seliwanoff's test,...
If a sample of 10% solution of an unknown carboyhydrate yielded positive results for Seliwanoff's test, which carbohydrate is the unknown? If more than one carbohydrate is possibly the unknown, which other test(s) can be used to help identify the unknown?
Which of the following is a positive question, and which of the following is a normative question? Explain.
Which of the following is a positive question, and which of the following is a normative question? Explain. (a). Is society better off if we restrict trade with other countries? (b). Should we increase taxes on the rich or the middle class? (c). Will an increase in the minimum wage cause more unemployment for teenagers?(d). Should the government provide health care? (e). Does a price drop in iPhones decrease the sales of Samsung?
Construct a flow chart for the following organisms listed below with all possible gram positive and...
Construct a flow chart for the following organisms listed below with all possible gram positive and gram negative unknowns using the biochemical test  of PR Glucose, PR Sucrose and PR Lactose, PEA P/G  Methyl red, Catalase, Oxidase, Citrate, EMB test, Mac Conkey Agar, Blood Agar etc. Following Organisms : Gram Negative-Cocci: N.sicca, B. cattarhalis Gram Negative Bacillus: E. coli, S. liquefaciens, E. aerogenes, C. fruendii, E. cloacae, P. stuartii, A. faecalis Gram Positive-Cocci M. luteus, S. epidermidis, M. roseus, Gram Positive Bacillus:...
1. Utilizing the sample size chart, what would be the minimum sample size for the following...
1. Utilizing the sample size chart, what would be the minimum sample size for the following situations? a. one sample test              ES = .8,*a = .05/2, 1- B = .90 b. two sample test (independent)   ES = .8, *a = .01, 1- B = .80 c. two sample test (independent)    ES = .2, *a = .05/2, 1- B = .95 d. one sample test      ES = .5, *a = .01, 1- B = .80 e. two sample test       ES =...
Question 3 In humans, the urge to exhale results from the high concentration of CO2 in...
Question 3 In humans, the urge to exhale results from the high concentration of CO2 in the blood. Divers often hyperventilate (rapid breathing for several minutes) prior to making a dive in the belief that this will increase the O2 content in their blood. Use your knowledge of haemoglobin function to evaluate whether this practice is useful. Question 4 Glutathione is a tripeptide, ECG. It contains an unusual peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine and the carboxyl group...
The following question refers to the enzyme chymotrypsin. For an experiment, you are asked to modify...
The following question refers to the enzyme chymotrypsin. For an experiment, you are asked to modify the sequence of chymotrypsin so that, it instead of cleaving C-terminal to a Phe/Tyr residue, it cleaves after Lys. Please describe the strategy you would take in your design, considering what you have learned. Please explain with clarity and detail.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT