Question

Hello. If you’re going to hand write the solution, please do so legibly. Thank you. Determine the amount of sales units that would be necessary under break-even sales under present and proposed conditions. Johnson & Sons Company, operating at full capacity, sold 101,250 units at a price of $129 per unit during the current year. Its income statement for the current year is as follows:

Sales			$13,061,250
Cost of goods sold			6,450,000
Gross profit			$6,611,250
Expenses:
Selling expenses	$3,225,000
Administrative expenses	3,225,000
Total expenses			6,450,000
Income from operations			$161,250

The division of costs between fixed and variable is as follows:

	Variable		Fixed
Cost of goods sold	70%		30%
Selling expenses	75%		25%
Administrative expenses	50%		50%

Management is considering a plant expansion program that will permit an increase of $1,161,000 in yearly sales. The expansion will increase fixed costs by $116,100 but will not affect the relationship between sales and variable costs.

Required:

1. Determine the total variable costs and the total fixed costs for the current year. Enter the final answers rounded to the nearest dollar.

Total variable costs	$
Total fixed costs	$

2. Determine (a) the unit variable cost and (b) the unit contribution margin for the current year. Enter the final answers rounded to two decimal places.

Unit variable cost	$
Unit contribution margin	$

3. Compute the break-even sales (units) for the current year. Enter the final answers rounded to the nearest whole number.
units

4. Compute the break-even sales (units) under the proposed program for the following year. Enter the final answers rounded to the nearest whole number.
units

5. Determine the amount of sales (units) that would be necessary under the proposed program to realize the $161,250 of income from operations that was earned in the current year. Enter the final answers rounded to the nearest whole number.
units

6. Determine the maximum income from operations possible with the expanded plant. Enter the final answer rounded to the nearest dollar.
$

7. If the proposal is accepted and sales remain at the current level, what will the income or loss from operations be for the following year? Enter the final answer rounded to the nearest dollar.
$

8. Based on the data given, would you recommend accepting the proposal?

1. In favor of the proposal because of the reduction in break-even point.
2. In favor of the proposal because of the possibility of increasing income from operations.
3. In favor of the proposal because of the increase in break-even point.
4. Reject the proposal because if future sales remain at the current level, the income from operations will increase.
5. Reject the proposal because the sales necessary to maintain the current income from operations would be below the current year sales.

Choose the correct answer.

Answer 1

Answer to Requirement 1.

Cost of Goods sold:
Variable proportion of Cost of Goods sold = $6,450,000 * 70%
Variable proportion of Cost of Goods sold = $4,515,000

Fixed proportion of Cost of Goods sold = $6,450,000 * 30%
Fixed proportion of Cost of Goods sold = $1,935,000

Selling Expenses:
Variable proportion of Selling Expenses = $3,225,000 * 75%
Variable proportion of Selling Expenses = $2,418,750

Fixed proportion of Selling Expenses = $3,225,000 * 25%
Fixed proportion of Selling Expenses = $806,250

Administrative Expenses:
Variable proportion of Administrative Expenses = $3,225,000 * 50%
Variable proportion of Administrative Expenses = $1,612,500

Fixed proportion of Administrative Expenses = $3,225,000 * 50%
Fixed proportion of Administrative Expenses = $1,612,500

Total Variable Cost = $4,515,000 + $2,418,750 + $1,612,500
Total Variable Cost = $8,546,250

Total Fixed Cost = $1,935,000 + $806,250 + $1,612,500
Total Fixed Cost = $4,353,750

Answer to Requirement 2.

Unit Variable Costs = Total Variable Cost / Units sold
Unit Variable Costs = $8,546,250 / 101,250
Unit Variable Costs = $84.41

Unit Contribution Margin = Unit Selling Price - Unit Variable Costs
Unit Contribution Margin = $129.00 - $84.41
Unit Contribution Margin = $44.59

Answer to Requirement 3.

Break Even Sales (Units) = Fixed Cost / Unit Contribution Margin
Break Even Sales (Units) = $4,353,750 / $44.59
Break Even Sales (Units) = 97,640 units

Answer to Requirement 4.

Increase in Sales will not affect Unit Selling price and hence Unit Contribution margin will remain same at $44.59

Proposed Fixed Cost = $4,353,750 + $116,100
Proposed Fixed Cost = $4,469,850

Break Even Sales (Units) under proposed program = $4,469,850 / $44.59
Break Even Sales (Units) under proposed program = 100,243 units