Question

In: Economics

There are two polluters in a specific region, each of whom is currently emitting 100 units...

There are two polluters in a specific region, each of whom is currently emitting 100 units of pollution for a total of 200 units of pollution in the region. The government wants to reduce total pollution by 60 units (i.e., A_ST = 60 ). For simplicity, ignore enforcement costs. The total and marginal abatement costs of each polluter are as follows:                                       

      TAC_1 = 0.2A_1^2 → MAC_1 = 0.4A_1

TAC_2 = 0.3A_2^2 → MAC_2 = 0.6A_2


Command-and-Control Approach

a. Would it be cost-effective to achieve the desired 60 units of total abatement by requiring each polluter to reduce pollution by 30 units? Why or why not?

b. What is the total cost to each polluter in this case? What is the total cost to society?

c. What is the deadweight loss to society of this policy? (Hint: derive answer to (f) first)

Solutions

Expert Solution


Related Solutions

In a region that must reduce emissions, three polluters currently emit, in total, 30 units of...
In a region that must reduce emissions, three polluters currently emit, in total, 30 units of emissions.  The three firms have the following marginal abatement cost functions that describe how marginal costs vary with the amount of emissions each firm reduces.             Firm                 Firm 1                          Firm 2                          Firm 3             Emissions         Marginal                      Marginal                      Marginal             Reduction        Abatement                   Abatement                   Abatement                                     Costs                            Costs                            Costs                            1                   $1.00                            $1.00                            $2.00                  2                   $1.50                            $2.00                            $3.00                  3                   $2.00                            $3.00                            $4.00                  4                   $2.50                            $4.00                            $5.00                  5                   $3.00                            $5.00                            $6.00                  6                   $3.50                            $6.00                            $7.00                  7                   $4.00                            $7.00                            $8.00                  8                   $4.50                            $8.00                            $9.00                  9                   $5.00                            $9.00                          $10.00                10                    $5.50                          $10.00                           $11.00 Suppose this region needs to reduce emissions by 14 units and plans to do it using a permit program that auctions permits...
In a region that must reduce emissions, three polluters currently emit 30 units of emissions together....
In a region that must reduce emissions, three polluters currently emit 30 units of emissions together. The three firms have the following marginal control cost functions that describe how marginal costs vary with the amount of emissions each firm reduces. Suppose this region needs to reduce emissions by 18 units and plans to do it using a form of cap-and-trade after grandfathering total allowances. (a) How many emission allowances will the control authority grandfather (i.e., give for free)? (b) Suppose...
Assume that there are two firms, each emitting 20 units of pollutants into the environment, for...
Assume that there are two firms, each emitting 20 units of pollutants into the environment, for a total of 40 units in their region. The government sets an aggregate abatement standard (AST) of 20 units. The polluters' cost functions are as follows, where the dollar values are in thousands: Polluter 1:       TAC1= 10 + 0.75(A1)2,                      Polluter 2:       TAC2= 5 + 0.5(A2)2,                          MAC1= 1.5A1,                                                           MAC2= A2. a) Suppose that the government allocates the abatement responsibility uniformly, requiring each polluter to abate 10 units of pollution. Quantitatively...
A village has six residents, each of whom has accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can...
A village has six residents, each of whom has accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can use this money either to buy a government bond that pays 18 percent interest per year or to buy a year-old llama, send it onto the commons to graze, and sell it after 1 year. The price the villager gets for the 2-year-old llama depends on the quality of the fleece it grows while grazing on the commons. That in turn depends on the...
A village has six residents, each of whom has accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can...
A village has six residents, each of whom has accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can use this money either to buy a government bond that pays 14 percent interest per year or to buy a year-old llama, send it onto the commons to graze, and sell it after 1 year. The price the villager gets for the 2-year-old llama depends on the quality of the fleece it grows while grazing on the commons. That, in turn, depends on the...
A village has six residents, each of whom has accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can...
A village has six residents, each of whom has accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can use this money either to buy a government bond that pays 18 percent interest per year or to buy a year-old llama, send it onto the commons to graze, and sell it after 1 year. The price the villager gets for the 2-year-old llama depends on the quality of the fleece it grows while grazing on the commons. That in turn depends on the...
A firm is currently producing 100 widgets using 4 units of labor and 12 units of...
A firm is currently producing 100 widgets using 4 units of labor and 12 units of capital. The firm's production function exhibits constant returns to scale. How many units of labor and capital are needed to produce 350 widgets?
Suppose there are two firms: Firm A and Firm B. These firms are each emitting 75...
Suppose there are two firms: Firm A and Firm B. These firms are each emitting 75 tons of pollution. Firm A faces marginal abatement cost MACA = 3A and Firm B faces marginal abatement cost MACB = 9A where A is tons of pollution abatement. The government’s control authority wishes the firms to reduce their total emissions by 60 tons using a Cap and Trade system and will initially auction off the permits 1a How many allowances will the control...
A stock price is currently $100. Over each of the next two three-month periods it is...
A stock price is currently $100. Over each of the next two three-month periods it is expected to go up by 8% or down by 7%. The risk-free interest rate is 5% per annum with continuous compounding. What is the value of a six-month European call option with a strike price of $95?
A stock price is currently $100. Over each of the next two six-month periods it is...
A stock price is currently $100. Over each of the next two six-month periods it is expected to go up by 10% or down by 10%. The risk-free interest rate is 8% per annum with continuous compounding. What is the value of a one-year European call option with a strike price of $100 using a two-step Binomial tree? (Draw the tree)
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT