Question

this is genetics btw

In a cross between true-breeding black and white mice, all F1 progeny are the same shade of gray. In a very large F2 litter, there are 6 black mice, 11 gray mice that look like the F1 parents, and 5 white mice. -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.
-       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.	The hydrangea plant in the backyard produced pink flowers in previous summers. You had some fertilizer for "acid-loving plants" and threw some under the hydrangea in the fall. This summer, the flowers were all blue.
-       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.	A patient with type O blood receives two transfusions, one from a donor with type B blood and another from a donor with type A blood. The patient has the same negative reaction to both transfusions.
-       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.	You cross two true-breeding yellow labrador retrievers and all the pups come out black.
-       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.	Your 120 pound mastiff somehow mates with a 40 pound basset hound. When the extremely cute pups grow up, they range in weight from 52 to 112 pounds, with most of them between 70 to 90 pounds.
-       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.	You cross two fruit flies that both are homozygous for a dominant trait bristles on their abdomens (b+b+). Only 80 % of the progeny have abdominal bristles.

A.	Epistasis
B.	Co-dominance
C.	Polygenic inheritance
D.	Environmental impact on gene expression
E.	Incomplete dominance
F.	Incomplete penetrance

Answer 1

In a cross between true-breeding black and white mice, all F1 progeny are the same shade of gray. In a very large F2 litter, there are 6 black mice, 11 gray mice that look like the F1 parents, and 5 white mice. This case is showing an Incomplete dominance pattern where the dominant allele is not fully masking the recessive allele, producing an intermediate trait (gray)

The hydrangea plant in the backyard produced pink flowers in previous summers. You had some fertilizer for "acid-loving plants" and threw some under the hydrangea in the fall. This summer, the flowers were all blue. As you can observe, the expression of color can vary depending on environmental factors, so this is a pattern of environmental impact on gene expression

A patient with type O blood receives two transfusions, one from a donor with type B blood and another from a donor with type A blood. The patient has the same negative reaction to both transfusions. The ABO systems is an example of co-dominance where both alleles are expressed

You cross two true-breeding yellow labrador retrievers and all the pups come out black. Your 120 pound mastiff somehow mates with a 40 pound basset hound. When the extremely cute pups grow up, they range in weight from 52 to 112 pounds, with most of them between 70 to 90 pounds. Height, skin color, eye color and weight are example of polygenic inheritance

You cross two fruit flies that both are homozygous for a dominant trait bristles on their abdomens (b+b+). Only 80 % of the progeny have abdominal bristles. This is an example of Incomplete penetrance