Question

PCI-Express, SATA, USB, FireWire, and Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) are all serial buses used to connect external devices to a computer system. Locate the specifications or descriptions of each type. Compare the features of each type. Compare the speeds of each type.

Answer 1

PCI Express:

PCI e (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) is a high-speed serial computer bus expansion standard. In personal computer (PC) motherboard, it provides an ordinary interface to the hard drive graphics card, solid-state drive(SSD), Ethernet and wifi connections. PCI e first created in 2003. It has some older version like PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect), PCI-X(Peripheral Component Interconnect Extended) AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port ) etc. The communication type of PCIe is serial in nature.

All the PCI e-versions are

1.PCI Express 1.0a

2.PCI Express 1.1

3. PCI Express 2.0

4. PCI Express 2.1

5. PCI Express 3.0

6. PCI Express 3.1

7.PCI Express 4.0

8. PCI Express 5.0

9. PCI Express 6.0

Speed of PCIe are given below. :

It works on 2 way single lane (x1) and 16 lanes (x16)

Version. 1.x speed is (2.5 GT/s): 250 MB/s (for x1) and4 GB/s ( for x16)

Version. 2.x speed is (5 GT/s): 500 MB/s (for x1) and 8 GB/s ( for x16)

Version 3.x speed is (8 GT/s): 985 MB/s (for x1) and 15.75 GB/s (for x16)

Version. 4.xspeed is (16 GT/s): 1.97 GB/s (for x1) and 31.5 GB/s (for x16)

Version. 5.x speed is ( 32 GT/s): 3.94 GB/s (for x1) and 63 GB/s ( for x16)

Version. 6.x speed is (64 GT/s): 7.5 GB/s (for x1) and 120 GB/s (for x16)

SATA: (Serial AT Attachment).

It also provides a bus interface. It is generally used to connect mass storage devices like HDD, SSD, Optical drive etc. It is not as faster as PCIe. It is first created in the year 2000. SATA interface is one of the most common interfaces for storage purpose.

Version of are SATA SATA 1.0 ,SATA 2.0, SATA 2.5,SATA 2.6, SATA 3.0, SATA 3.1,SATA 3.2,SATA3.3 , SATA 3.4

Speed of version 1 is (1.5 Gbit/s, 150 MB/s, Serial ATA-150)

Speed of version 2 is (3 Gbit/s, 300 MB/s, Serial ATA-300)

Speed of version 3 is (6 Gbit/s, 600 MB/s, Serial ATA-600)

USB

The universal serial bus is an industry-standard for cable connectors. USBs are capable of doing various things like data transfer, power supply, establish a protocol for communication etc. It was first created in the year of 1996. It is also serial in nature. Generally, the length of the USB cable belongs to 1 meter to 5 meters. USB carries 5V Dc signal.

Version are USB 1.x , USB2.0,USB 3.x USB 4

Speed of USB

1. USB1.0 speed is 12Mbit/s

2. USB1.1 speed is 15Mbit/s

3. USB 2.0 speed is 480Mbit/

4. USB3.0 speed is 5Gbit/s

5. USB3.1 speed is 10Gbit/s

6. USB3.2 speed is 20Gbit/s

7. USB4 speed is 40 Gbit/s

FireWire: It was designed by apple in 1986. It was also an interface standard like USB. It was basically used for high-speed communication and real-time data transfer. The maximum length of this cable up to 4.5 meters. USB and firewire both provide the same result. Firewire is capable to connect multiple devices on one bus.

Firewire versions are  FireWire 400, FireWire 800, FireWire S800T, FireWire S1600 and S3200.

Speed of Firerware

1. FireWire 400 speed are 100, 200, or 400 Mbit/s half-duplex
2. FireWire 800 speed is 786.432 Mbit/s full-duplex
3. FireWire S800T speed up to 800 Mbit/s
4. FireWire S1600 and S3200 speed are 1.572864 Gbit/s and 3.145728 Gbit/s

Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)

It is nothing but a point-to-point protocol that transfer data between computer and mass storage device. It also serial in nature. It was created in 1980. The maximum number of 65,535 devices can be connected with the SAS connector. It is also serial communication in nature.

Version are SAS-1, SAS-2, SAS-3, SAS-4,

Speed

1. SAS-1 speed is 3.0 Gbit/s
2. SAS-2 speed is 6.0 Gbit/s
3. SAS-3 speed is 12.0 Gbit/s
4. SAS-4 speed is 22.5 Gbit/s