Question

____     1.   The nurse assesses the patient and realizes that patient pain is interfering with postoperative therapies. Which does the nurse determine before using medication and relaxation techniques simultaneously to reduce patient pain? (Select all that apply.)

a.	The patient has used guided imagery in the past successfully.
b.	Nonpharmacological relaxation methods appeal to the patient.
c.	The patient moves in the bed and disrupts the nurse incessantly.
d.	The provider plans to discharge the patient to home in 2 days.
e.	The patient understands written information on relaxation techniques.
f.	The patient cannot receive additional analgesia for unresolved pain.

  

  

____     2.   The nurse caring for a female patient 1 day after a thoracotomy assesses that the patient is in pain, but the patient states that she has no pain. Which does the nurse use to confirm the patient’s pain?(Select all that apply.)

a.	Facial grimacing during linen changes
b.	Eats a full liquid diet without assistance
c.	Uses the incentive spirometer every hour
d.	Patient’s culture forbids complaints of pain
e.	Has received nothing for pain since surgery
f.	Heart rate 110, blood pressure 169/90

  

  

____     3.   Which common adverse effect(s) is/are associated with opiate agonists? (Select all that apply.)

a.	Dizziness
b.	Orthostatic hypotension
c.	Respiratory depression
d.	Confusion
e.	Diarrhea
f.	Urinary urgency

Answer 1

1. Options includes are as follows,

a. patient has used guided imagery in the past successfully to reduce pain, as the success rate helps to use it again in reduction of pain. Guided imagery is one of the best method to reduce pain and stress.

b. Nurse should determine the non pharmacological measures which are apeal to reduce the pain of the patient. these measures along with pharmacological measures are very effective in the reduction of pain. The aims of nonpharmacological measures are to reduce pain, stress and anxiety in the patient.

e. patient understands written details on the relaxation techniques, patient understanding is very important in the success of any therpies. Therefore if the patient clearly understands the details about the relaxation techniques, only can follow it properly. Better understanding gives better results.

2. Patient after thoracotomy, in the first post operative day definitely there is pain for the patient. As she is not verbalizing the pain but she may experience it due to her cultural factors, she was not sharing it to others. It can be determined by her facial grimaces during the activities like linen changing, and increased heart rate and blood pressure is another physiological sign of pain. In addition to that she was not received any analgesia after surgey can contribute to nurses decision in the pain iof the client.

3. Common side effects of opiate agonists are

respiratory depression, the first and most common side effect. Opiods are respiratory and cough center depressors. orthostatic hypotension is another side effect associated with opiate agonists due to the hystamine relaese.Dizziness also seen in some patients after administering opiods.