Question

QUESTION 1
.
The average daily value of the intake of nutrients necessary to satisfy the needs of 50% of healthy people according to age group and gender is:
.
AI level
UL level
EAR level
RDA level
.

QUESTION 2
.
The average level of nutrient intake that meets the nutritional requirement of almost all healthy people is:
.
AI level
UL level
EAR level
RDA level
.

QUESTION 3
.
A woman consumes pasta, grains, and other carbohydrates to achieve:
.
Weight gain
Energy
Weightloss
Fiber source
.

QUESTION 4
.
What vitamin is synthesized with an adequate supply of carbohydrates?
.
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
.




QUESTION 5
.
An athlete wants to increase his complex carbohydrate intake and asks the nurse about potential sources. Which of the following foods is considered a complex carbohydrate?
.
Molasses
Syrup
Brown sugar
Bread
.

QUESTION 6
.
A 40-year-old man has eaten a breakfast consisting of cereal, milk, orange juice, and coffee. Your blood sugar level in 2 hours should be
.
60–80 mg / dL
100–120 mg / dL
140–180 mg / dL
200–220 mg / dL
.

QUESTION 7
.
What nutrient is most important for wound healing?
.
Carbohydrates
Protein
Fats
Vitamins
.

QUESTION 8
.
Which of the following foods provides complete protein?
.
Wheat bread
Milk
Jelly
Carrots




QUESTION 9
.
An elderly client with immobility who consumes less than 300 calories a day, has an ulcer and dysphagia is considered to be in a state of:
.
Positive nitrogen balance
Anabolism
Negative nitrogen balance
Digestion
.

QUESTION 10
.
Which of the following is a fat soluble vitamin?
.
Vitamin C
B12 vitamin
Vitamin E
Vitamin B6
.

QUESTION 11
.
The nurse is teaching a patient with high levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Which of the following oils is low in saturated fat?
.
Sunflower
Coconut
Palm
Palm kernel
.

QUESTION 12
.
The nurse is teaching a client with high levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Which of the following oils is high in saturated fat and should be avoided by the customer?
.
Coconut
Fish
Chicken
Sunflower
.

QUESTION 13
.
You are educating a group of teenagers growing in bones and teeth. What fat soluble vitamin helps build bones and teeth?
.
Vitamin A
Vitamin E
Vitamin C
Vitamin B1
.

QUESTION 14
.
Which of the following problems is the result of a vitamin D deficiency?
.
Night blindness
Bleeding disorder
Rickets
Scurvy
.

QUESTION 15
.
What injectable vitamin does a newborn baby need due to a lack of bacteria in the intestinal tract?
.
Vitamin K
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
.

QUESTION 16
.
A client who has bleeding tendencies has a deficiency in what vitamin?
.
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin K
.




QUESTION 17
.
What vitamin is found only in animal food?
.
Vitamin C
B12 vitamin
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
.

QUESTION 18
.
A woman complains of cracks in the corner of her mouth. The nurse orders you to consume:
.
Eggs and milk
Brussels sprouts and strawberries
Nuts and legumes
Potatoes and milk
.

QUESTION 19
.
The obstetric nurse should instruct the woman in the first trimester of pregnancy to:
.
Eliminate high-fiber foods
Eat foods rich in folic acid
Consume saturated fat
Consume dairy products in the last trimester
.

QUESTION 20
.
Inadequate calcium intake can lead to the following disease:
.
Dental cavities
Anemia
Osteoporosis
Dry eyes





QUESTION 21
.
What nutritional deficiency is related to an enlarged thyroid?
.
Potassium
Sodium
Magnesium
Iodine
.

QUESTION 22
.
Which of the following foods should be avoided when a client is taking Coumadin (anticoagulant) after a myocardial infarction?
.
Spinach
Milk
Orange juice
Wheat bread
.

QUESTION 23
.
Which of the following is a prime number?
.
4
5
6

Answer 1

Estimated Average Requirements (EAR). The EAR for a nutrient is determined by a committee of nutrition experts who review the scientific literature to determine a value that meets the requirements of 50 percent of people in their target group within a given life stage and for a particular sex. The requirements of half of the group will fall below the EAR and the other half will be above it. It is important to note that, for each nutrient, a specific bodily function is chosen as the criterion on which to base the EAR. For example, the EAR for calcium is set using a criterion of maximizing bone health. Thus, the EAR for calcium is set at a point that will meet the needs, with respect to bone health, of half of the population. EAR values become the scientific foundation upon which RDA values are set.
Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA). Once the EAR of a nutrient has been established, the RDA can be mathematically determined. While the EAR is set at a point that meets the needs of half the population, RDA values are set to meet the needs of the vast majority (97 to 98 percent) of the target healthy population. It is important to note that RDAs are not the same thing as individual nutritional requirements. The actual nutrient needs of a given individual will be different than the RDA. However, since we know that 97 to 98 percent of the population’s needs are met by the RDA, we can assume that if a person is consuming the RDA of a given nutrient, they are most likely meeting their nutritional need for that nutrient. The important thing to remember is that the RDA is meant as a recommendation and meeting the RDA means it is very likely that you are meeting your actual requirement for that nutrient.
The RDA was established by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences. It was first published in 1941 in the "interest of national defense." During World War II, many potential soldiers did not qualify for military duty because they were malnourished. Also, in many places during the war and after the war, food had to be rationed. It was important that everyone received the nutrients they needed. Now, the criteria for establishing the RDA is based on the EAR for healthy individuals. That requirement is increased by 30-50% to cover the need of most people (all but 3% of the population).
The "R" in RDA does not mean required but is for recommended. The RDA is designed to satisfy the nutrient requirement for most healthy individuals and thus, exceeds the nutrient need for most people. The "D" does not mean daily, but dietary. A person does not need to meet the RDA every day but is the average intake needed every 3-7 days.
The RDA is categorized by age, sex, lactation, and pregnancy. Only nineteen nutrients of the approximately 45 essential nutrients have an RDA. We need to eat a variety of foods to get all our nutrients and the RDA is built on that assumption.
For what do we use the RDA? It is best used for populations or large groups of people, for example, school lunch programs. It is not useful for individuals although it is often used to assess an individual's diet.

There is a distinct difference between a requirement and a recommendation. For instance, the DRI for vitamin D is a recommended 600 international units each day. However, in order to find out your true personal requirements for vitamin D, a blood test is necessary. The blood test will provide an accurate reading from which a medical professional can gauge your required daily vitamin D amounts. This may be considerably more or less than the DRI, depending on what your level actually is.

Adequate Intake (AI). AIs are created for nutrients when there is insufficient consistent scientific evidence to set an EAR for the entire population. As with RDAs, AIs can be used as nutrient intake goals for a given nutrient. For example, there has not been sufficient scientific research into the particular nutritional requirements of infants. Consequently, all of the DRI values for infants are AIs derived from nutrient values in human breast milk. For older babies and children, AI values are derived from human milk coupled with data on adults. The AI is meant for a healthy target group and is not meant to be sufficient for certain at-risk groups, such as premature infants.
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL). The UL was established to help distinguish healthful and harmful nutrient intakes. Developed in part as a response to the growing usage of dietary supplements, ULs indicate the highest level of continuous intake of a particular nutrient that may be taken without causing health problems. When a nutrient does not have any known issue if taken in excessive doses, it is not assigned a UL. However, even when a nutrient does not have a UL it is not necessarily safe to consume in large amounts.