Question

can someone tell me if i am wrong on any of these???? THANKS

In order to be able to deliver an effective persuasive speech, you need to be able to detect fallacies in your own as well as others’ speeches. The following statements of reasoning are all examples of the following fallacies: Hasty generalization, mistaken cause, invalid analogy, red herring, Ad hominem, false dilemma, bandwagon or slippery slope.

1. __________bandwagon fallacy_______ I don’t see any reason to wear a helmet when I ride a bike. Everyone bikes without a helmet.

2. _______red herring__________ It’s ridiculous to worry about protecting America’s national parks against pollution and overuse when innocent people are being endangered by domestic terrorists.

3. _________mistaken cause________ There can be no doubt that the Great Depression was caused by Herbert Hoover. He became presient in 1929, and the stock market crashed just seven months later.

4. _________slippery slope________ If we allow the school board to spend money remodeling the gym, next they will want to build a new school and give all the teachers a huge raise. Taxes will soar so high that businesses will leave and then there will be no jobs for anyone in this town.

5. _______hasty generalization__________ Raising a child is just like having a pet – you need to feed it, play with it, and everything will be fine.

6. ________ad hominen_________ I can’t support Senator Frey’s proposal for campaign finance reform. Afterall, he was kicked out of law school for cheating on an exam.

7. _________________ Our school must either increase tuition or cut back on library services for students.

8. ________hasty generalization_________ One nonsmoker, interviewed at a restaurant, said, “I can get dinner just fine even though people around me are smoking. Another, responding to a CNN survey, said, “I don’t see what all the fuss is about. My wife has smoked for years and it has never bothered me.” We can see, then, that secondhand smoke does not cause a problem for most nonsmokers.

9. _________invalid anaology________ You should raise my grade. I’ve talked to a lot of people in the class, and we all think you grade too hard.

Answer 1

1.Bandwagon fallacy - A trend or behavior becomes more common when people around are doing the same.

As the reasoning behind not wearing helmet while riding is that others don't do it either it is a bandwagon fallacy.

2.Red Herring- Anything that deviates people from the real topic or leads them to a false conclusion.

Since the issue of national parks has been ignored by focussing on terrorist activities which is unrelated and thus a red herring.

3.Mistaken cause- is a fallacy which occurs when something is identified as a cause, when it is not.

The Great Depression was caused by several factors still debated by economists but President Hoover's office term is not one of them, hence it is mistaken to be a cause.

4.Slippery Slope is an argument fallacy in which implementing a minor change or action is thought to lead to major changes which are unreasonable.

Opening a school gym certainly is Independent of Teachers wanting raise and further increase in taxes.

5.Invalid analogy occurs when 2 situations are thought to be similar as they have things in common.Even if some things are common they are still different on the characteristic being discussed

Babies and dogs may have feeding and caring as common but that does not mean raising them is similar as they definitely have different needs and personas.

6.Ad Hominem - A person's logic or argument is not questioned or attacked, the individual's character is attacked instead.

The logic for not supporting Senator Frey's Economic policy is not some flaw in the policy, instead it is the personal incident of cheating in his law exams.

7.False Dillemma- Increasing tutions and cutting back on library services are not either/ or situations. There is deliberate ommission of additional options to present it as a dillema.

8. Hasty generalization occurs when only few points are considered while making conclusions of generalization and rest are ignored.

What two people say is not representative of general population , therefore it is an example of hasty generalization.

9.Invalid Analogy - Students thinking that the teacher grades too hard is not a logical reason for grades to be increased as grades are dependent on other factors as well like the student's performance.