Question

briefly outline one Government health service offered by each types of government.

example, Australian common wealth government. or local government (councils). ( in details explanation)

Answer 1

When the Commonwealth of Australia was once set up in 1901, the new national Parliament used to be given powers to make laws with appreciate to marriage, divorce and matrimonial causes.1 However, it was once now not till 1959 that the Commonwealth Parliament passed the first country wide divorce regulation and 1961 that a country wide Marriage act used to be introduced.2 In addition to regulating the circumstances of marriage, the Parliament furnished for the funding of marriage counselling and education programs in the 1961 rules as a response to the improvement of marriage guidance agencies. Australia’s divorce rate was once at a post-war low of just 2.8 per thousand married women, having fallen from 5 divorces per thousand married women in 1950. In 1975, the Australian Parliament, through a narrow majority, surpassed unilateral, no fault divorce legislation to change the Matrimonial Causes Act. The new Family Law Act 1975 sought to establish a regulation based upon two pillars: the support for marriage and family; and the proper of a birthday party to go away a marriage upon its irretrievable breakdown, the latter being evidenced through 12 months separation of the parties. Support for marriage was once furnished in a range of ways. First, the Family Law Act specifically provided that, in making any adjudication, the court have to have regard to ‘the need to keep and defend the institution of marriage as the union of a man and a woman to the exclusion of all others voluntarily entered into for life; and the need to give the widest viable safety and help to the family as the herbal and fundamental crew unit of society, specially whilst it is responsible for the care and training of based children. Secondly, the Family Law Act furnished that the court have to have regard to ‘the means available for helping parties to marriage to think about reconciliation or the improvement of their relationship to each other and to the adolescents of the marriage.’ Thirdly, the Family Law Act supplied for the funding of corporations and agencies providing marriage schooling via what has come to be known as the Family Services Program. Fourthly, the Family Law Act supplied for the establishment of the Australian Institute of Family Studies as an organization devoted to lookup about families.

Two many years after the introduction of the Family Law Act, the second pillar, the right of a character to unilaterally end a marriage, remains the operational foundation of the legislation. Speaking in 1991, the Chief Justice of the Family Court conceded the failure of the supportive provision: Originally it was once notion that the Court would play a role in the promotion of reconciliation, but the journey of the previous 15 years has been that via the time that a couple methods the Court, there is little room for reconciliation, and such reconciliations that do appear are of uncertain and doubtful duration.Funding of the marriage schooling program remained meagre for the duration of the 1970s and 1980s. In 1989–90, the Commonwealth authorities provided simply $248,000 to 24 agencies for the duration of the nation. The cash had been doubled to over $500,000 via 1991– 92, but the Chief Justice of the Family Court ought to nonetheless observe: The federal Government presently spends $509,000 on marriage education. I have seen a invoice of expenses for $500,000 in one household regulation case.6 Substantial will increase in funding have came about in latest years, due to a range of factors. First, precious work was undertaken by means of the then two countrywide bodies for marriage education, the Catholic Society for Marriage Education (CSME) and the Australian Association for Marriage Education (AAME) for the duration of the duration 1987–94. Although CSME had been based in 1973 and AAME in 1979, their principal activity was an annual workshop for marriage educators until the mid 1980s. The two national executives started out assembly collectively in 1988, leading to the appointment of a country wide coach in 1989; the inauguration of an annual countrywide conference in 1989; the institution of a marriage training research challenge at the University of South Australia in 1991, which resulted in the studies Love, Sex and Waterskiing (1992) and Pathways to Marriage (1994); the appointment of an Executive Officer in 1992; the printing of promotional brochures and the manufacturing of a pilot media campaign ‘How long before your marriage breaks down?’ in 1993; and the persevering with upgrade and growth of Threshold as a national journal for all marriage educators. CSME also brought the FOCCUS pre-marriage inventory nationally in 1990. Much of this recreation used to be undertaken with the monetary assistance of the federal government, and the then Minister for Justice, Senator Michael Tate, who supported the developments. Much of the deposit for the tendencies rests with the executives of the two countrywide bodies, which have been able to put aside variations to work co- operatively for the advancement of the field, mainly through their direct approach to the Minister.

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