Question

Access the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institute of Health (NIH) and obtain client/patient teaching information regarding hypertension. Design a client/patient teaching handout (no more than 2 pages) discussing hypertension prevention, treatment (medications), and dietary modifications. This is a handout you could print and give to your patient to take home.

Answer 1

HOW CAN PREVENT HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

1) Eat a healthy diet .To help manage your blood pressure ,limit sodium and increase the amount of potassium in diet

2)getting regular exercise -try to get moderate intensity aerobic exercise at least 2 and a half hours per week

3) maintain healthy body weight- maintaining a healthy weight can help you control blood pressure an reduce your risk for other health problems

4)limit alcohol-drinking too much alcohol can raise your blood pressure .it also add extra calories

5)not smoking -cigarette smoking raises blood pressure and increase the risk for heart attack and stroke.

6)managing stress-learn how to relax and manage stress can improve emotional and physical health and reduce blood pressure

TREATMENT

Thiazide diuretics

DIURETICS ,sometimes  called water pills ,are medications that act on kidneys to help body eliminate sodium and water ,reducing blood volume

ANGIOTENSIN -CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE)INHIBITOR

They help relax blood vessels by blocking the formation of a natural chemical that narrows blood vessels.

examples of ACE inhibitors are ,lisinopril,benazepril, and captopril   

ANGIOTENSIN ll RECEPTOR BLOCKERS (ARBs)

These medications help relax blood vessels by blocking the action ,not the formation,of a natural chemical that narrows blood vessels. Examples of ARBs are candesartan,losartan,

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

They help relax the muscles of your blood vessels .they can slow heart rate

examples of calcium channel blockers are, amlodipine,diltiazem

grapefruit juice interact with some calcium channel blockers ,increasing blood levels of the medication and increase the risk of side effect.Talk to doctor if concerned about drug interaction

DIETARY MODIFICATIONS

Reduce sodium intake

limit alcohol consumption

increase potassium intake

DASH approach

The DASH diet features menus with plenty of vegetables,fruits and low-fat dairy products ,as well as whole grains ,fish ,poultry and nuts.It offers limited portions of red meat ,sweets and sugary beverages.