In: Nursing
Carlton Bates is a 62-year-old male with a family history of prostate cancer. He requested screening and his PSA level was 6.2 ng/mL. He chose to have a biopsy and is now meeting with an oncologist to discuss the results. The provider reports the biopsy was positive for malignancy: Stage 1, Gleason Score 5, classified as low risk, localized cancer. After listening to the options for treatment, Mr. Bates chooses active surveillance.
a. What measures are included in active surveillance for early, localized prostate cancer?
b. Why is this approach used with low risk patients?
c. What is a disadvantage of active surveillance?
active surveilance
active surveilance is necessary if patient want to avoid sexuall,urinary or bowel side effects for as long as possible
radical prostatectomy
is the surgical removel of prostate ,seminal vesicles and nearby tissue.Ofen the limb nodesin the pelvis that drain from the prostate are also removed,this process need short hospital stay
Robotic assisted laproscopic radical prostatectomy
A robotic system is used to remove the prostate through tiny portsplaced in abdomen.RALP surgery is one of the most common types of prostate surgery today.
retropubic open radical prostatectomy
in this surgery surgen will make a cut in lower abdomen and remove prostate through that hole .Through this type of surgery docors get to the prostate gland and nearby tissue
perineal open radical prostatectomy
this surgery uses small surgical tools and a video camera that fit through cuts in the belly to remove the prostate .
As with all surgery there is risk for bleeding ,infection and pain
the main side effectis erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence
RADIATION THERAPY
USES HIGH ENERGY RAYS to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells
-it can be used as main treatment of prostate cancer
-it also can be used after surgery
EXTERNAL BEAM RADIATION THERAPY
EBRT sends a targeted photon beam of radiation from outside the body to the prostate.Asmall amount of radiation delivered in daily doses to the prostate for a number of weeks
hifu and focal therapy
it is a new treatment with this method,small tumors inside the prostate are targeted and destroyed
Q2- LOW RISK PROSTATE CANCER HAVE 4 TREATMENT OPTIONS
active surveillance
external radiotherapy
internal radiotherapy and surgery to remove the prostate
DISADVANTAGES
INCONTINENCE
AFETER prostate surgery or radiation patient may experience a loss of urie controle
stress incontinence
urine leaks when coughing,laughing ,sneezing or exercising
overactive bladder or urge incontinence
the sudden need to go for urinationeven when the bladder is not full because the bladder is overly sensitive
PHYSIOTHERAPY FOCUSED ON THE PELVIC FLOORMUSCLES MAY HELP GET BLADDER CONTROL SOON
ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
After surgery or radiation treatment ,many men have erectile dysgunction(ED). ED is when a man cannot keep an erection long enough for sexual satisfaction.doctor can help you know why blood flow or nerve signals are blocked and offer aid that could help you get better .