Question

What is Brownian motion, and relate how the kinetic theory applies to it. Give two real-life examples where the kinetic theory is used to our advantage or when it might be a disadvantage.

Answer 1

a)Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid (a liquid or a gas) resulting from their collision with the fast-moving atoms or molecules in the gas or liquid.

Molecules of a substance are moved in zig zag path. Their motion is random. They collide with each other and move in a new direction after collision in zig zag fashion. This type of motion present in the molecules of matter is called "Brownian motion".

b)The idea that molecules of a liquid or gas are constantly in motion, colliding with each other and bouncing back and forth, is a prominent part of the kinetic theory of gases

c 1)A crowded dance floor makes it challenging to really do fancy steps. Too many people too close together means there are a lot of collisions. Most of the time a bump doesn’t create any problems, but occasionally a collision between two couples can be harder than usual. The more active the dancing (rock and roll, for example, rather than the waltz), the more frequent the possibility of bumping into someone else.

2)Hot air balloons work under the Kinetic Theory. Air molecules heat up and start rising, colliding with the inside of the balloon to push it up into the air