Question

P_1

Which of the following research situations would be most likely to use a between subjects research design?

A. .Examining ethnic differences in reading comprehension among middle school children.

B. Investigating the long-term effectiveness of a stop-smoking treatment by comparing participants
craving for cigarettes after 2 months and 6 months of treatment.

C. Examining academic performance of the Texas State University students by comparing their mean GPA to the national average GPA of undergraduate population in the U.S.

D. All of the above.

P_2

For which of the following situations would a repeated-measures research design be appropriate?

A. Comparing self-esteem for students who participate in school athletics versus those who do not.

B. Comparing mathematical skills of girls versus boys in elementary school age.

C. Comparing patients’ body temperature at the beginning and at the end of medical treatment

D. Comparing verbal skills of science majors versus art majors among undergraduate students

P_3

The t-test for independent sample can be used to examine ____________.

A. The mean difference between two treatment conditions in an experiment (e.g. a difference in performance of experimental group and control group).

B. The mean difference between two populations in quasi-experimental designs (e.g., mean difference in
attitudes to abortion between residents of the southern vs. northern states in the U.S.).

C. The mean difference in stress level at the beginning and the end of semester in a sample of undergraduate students.

D. A & B

E. All of the above.

Answer 1

P_1

B. Investigating the long-term effectiveness of a stop-smoking treatment by comparing participants craving for cigarettes after 2 months and 6 months of treatment.

This research design is most likely to use a between subjects research design, because the researcher is interested in examining the effectiveness of treatment so first he'll examine the status of participants before treatment, that will be pre-test.

After the treatment the participants are checked at different intervals so that kind of creates two groups, one which is examined at an interval of 2 months and the other being examined at 6 months. These will be post test.

Thus analysing the post test results with pre test the researcher can come to a conclusion regarding the effectiveness of treatment.

And this experiment is thus followed in line to Between subjects design where we are having two groups which can be commonly referred to as control group and treatment group each depending on a different testing criteria and here in our case that criteria is the time interval of analysis.

P_2

C. Comparing patients’ body temperature at the beginning and at the end of medical treatment

For repeated measures design we require the same group of individuals/participants so that the experiment can be repeated so as to check for any updates regarding it.

If we already divide the participants in different groups then we can come up with a conclusion after following an appropriate experimental design then in that case we won't require to repeat the experiment, while for examining the effects of experiment on the same group of individuals we need to repeat it so as to get a conclusion regarding it's effects

P_3

D. A & B

The t-test for independent sample is an inferential statistical test that is used to check whether there is a statistically significant difference between the means in two unrelated groups.

Since the group C is done on the same sample of students hence it does not fall under the criteria of unrelated groups hence D. is the correct answer.